1. BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF TESTING IN TEXTILES
4/6/ :48 AM
GHCL
BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF TESTING IN TEXTILES
© 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

2. Ever wondered what differentiates two seemingly same products from each other??

3. Fabric testing is an important segment of the textile industry
Fabric testing is an important segment of the textile industry. We can easily detect the faults of machinery and materials during test of textiles.

4. WHY DO WE NEED TESTING?? Checking Raw Materials – Variable Qualities
Monitoring Production - to control increase of waste.
Assessing the Final Product – Enhance and efficient output.
Investigation of Faulty Material – To get the root cause of problems during process.
Product Development and Research

5. TESTING IS NORMALLY CARRIED OUT ACCORDING TO A “STANDARD”
Following are some of the source of standard test method for textiles:
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
American Association of Textile Chemists and Colourists (AATCC)
International Standard Organization (ISO)
Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)

6. WHAT IS TO BE TESTED???
There are 3 forms of Textiles on which the test can be conducted -
Fibre- length, strength, fineness, maturity.
Yarn- strength, count, twist
Fabric- Greige / Dyed
EPI, PPI, GSM , Physical and chemical properties.

7. FIBER TESTS
1. Identification of fiber - By their cross section Or Chemical test 2. Fiber length* - to identify quality of cotton. 3. Strength and elongation - tensile properties 4. Fineness & Maturity test - 5. Uniformity & Evenness - 6. Trash, neps test etc. - Impurities

8. YARN TEST
1. Yarn count – e.g. 30s single or 2-ply yarn 2. Twist per unit length 3. Strength and elongation i.e. tensile properties 4. Appearance 5. Evenness and regularity 6. Hairiness * - Due to Short Fibers

9. FABRIC TEST Physical Properties of Textiles -
1. Strength and elongation - Tensile, Tear & Bursting 2. Thread Count 3. The count of yarn used 4. Fabric Weight - GSM 5. Design and construction of the Fabric 6. Air permeability

10. 7. Flammability Test 8. Stiffness, handle, drape 9
7. Flammability Test 8. Stiffness, handle, drape 9. Crease resistance and recovery 10. Abrasion 11. Pilling * 12. Shrinkage *- Dimensional stability 13. Water absorbency or resistance etc.
14. Seam Strength & Slippage*

11. FABRIC TEST Test in chemical properties of textile
Color Fastness to Washing
Color Fastness to Crocking ( Rubbing)
Dry Crocking
Wet Crocking
Color Fastness to Water
Color Fastness to Light
Fiber Composition
Color Fastness to Perspiration
Color Fastness to Dry Cleaning
PH Value
Durability Test ( DP Rating)

12. Multifiber Fabric - Specially Used for testing of textile performance on different fibers.
Acetate
Cotton
Nylon
Polyester
Acrylic
Wool
Observation - Color Change
- Color Staining

14. GRAYSCALE
Grayscale for color change is used to visually evaluate change in color due to color Fastness Test.
Gray Scale for staining is used to visually evaluate the staining on multifiber samples due to colorfastness test.
Rating 1 to 5 can be measure on the scale where rating 1 is poor and rating 5 is excellent performance. Generally rating 4 is acceptable.

16. TIPS TO REMEMBER
Read the label properly: Size, Where it is made, Style number, Type of fabric, RN Number
Read the Hang Tag:  fabric characteristics, and describes the quality.
Warnings Are Sometimes Included:  Possible shrinkage, stretching, or fading
Care Instructions
SIZE: Tells what size the garment is. May list a numeric size or size class such as Small (S), Medium (M), Large (L), X-Large (XL). There is no uniform standard for sizing in the U.S.WHERE IT'S MADE: “Made in USA” from imported fabric “Made in China,” “Taiwan,” etc.
STYLE NUMBER: Identifies a particular style of garment in a manufacturer's line. Used to track sales, returns. (Not always shown.)TYPE OF FABRIC In the U. S. the generic names of all fibers present in the amount of five percent or more of the total fiber weight must be provided on the label. 
RN NUMBER: A registered identification number (RN) is issued by the U. S. Federal Trade Commission to a business residing in the U. S. that is engaged in the manufacture, importing, distributing, or sale of textile, wool, or fur products. Such businesses are not required to have an RN. However, the RN can be used in place of a name on the label or tag, that is required to be affixed to these products. The RN number is helpful for consumers when trying to contact a manufacturer with a question, comment, or complaint. You can access and search the FTC data base on theirweb site. Usually there will be both an address and telephone number listed.
CARE INSTRUCTIONS: The Care Labeling Rule requires clothing manufacturers and importers to provide at least one satisfactory method of care necessary for the ordinary use of the garment. The label must also provide warnings against the use of any method which the consumer can reasonably expected to use that would harm the product. Note that fabrics on a bolt should have care instructions on the end of the bolt. The laundry instructions are to provide instructions for, in order, washing, bleaching, drying, and ironing; and drycleaning instructions are to include one symbol.

20. THANK YOU