1. I said that I would explain this From direct to reported speech

2. Types of reported speech Statements: “She said that they had had a good time the day before.” Questions: “She asked me where I had been that morning.” / “She asked us whether we had finished those exercises.” Orders: “She told me to stay at home then.” Suggestions: “She suggested going out” / “I suggested she go to the doctor”

3. STATEMENTS Tense changes: illustration

4. Tense changes: summery of main tenses Direct SpeechReported Speech PresentPast Simple Past Perfect Present PerfectPast Perfect FutureConditional Present ContinuousPast Continuous Past Perfect Continuous

5. Changes in modals

6. Changes in adverbials

7. QUESTIONS SAME CHANGES IN VERBS AND ADVERBIALS APPLY. Two types of questions.

8. ORDERS OR ADVICE “Do all your homework”, our teacher told us. Our teacher told us to do all our homework. “Don’t move from here”, their mother ordered them. Their mother ordered them not to move from there REPORTING PHRASE + OBJECT + INFINITIVE + COMPLEMENTS CHANGES IN TENSE DON’T APPLY HERE. CHANGES IN ADVERBIAL DO APPLY HERE.

9. SUGGESTIONS My friend suggested: “Let’s go to the cinema.” My friend suggested going to the cinema. My friend suggested that we go to the cinema. My friend suggested to her: “You should visit a doctor”. My friend suggested that she (should) visit a doctor. REPORTING PHRASE + V-ing (only when both subjects are the same) / REPORTING PHRASE +SUBJECT + SUBJECTIVE (NO –S FOR 3 RD PERSON SINGULAR) / SHOULD + BARE INFINITIVE CHANGES IN TENSE DON’T APPLY HERE. CHANGES IN TENSE DON’T APPLY HERE. CHANGES IN ADVERBIAL DO APPLY HERE.

10. REPORTING VERBS STATEMENTSQUESTIONSORDERSSUGGESTIONS Say, tell, announce, ask, enquire, mention, order, warn, suggest, want to know, wonder, complain,