1. The European Middle Ages

2. The Early Middle Ages: Germanic Kingdoms Unite under Charlemagne

3. What Happened to Rome?? By the end of the 5 th century, Germanic invaders had destroyed the Roman Empire…By the end of the 5 th century, Germanic invaders had destroyed the Roman Empire…

4. What Happened to Rome?? The Impact of Invasion:The Impact of Invasion: Disruption of TradeDisruption of Trade Downfall of CitiesDownfall of Cities Population ShiftsPopulation Shifts Decline of LearningDecline of Learning Loss of Common LanguageLoss of Common Language

5. What Happened to Rome?? BUT, there was one institution that survived the fall of Rome…BUT, there was one institution that survived the fall of Rome…

6. The CHURCH!!

7. Germanic Kingdoms Emerge

8. Between AD 400 & 600 small Germanic Kingdoms replaced large Roman provincesBetween AD 400 & 600 small Germanic Kingdoms replaced large Roman provinces What impact did these small kingdoms have on government?What impact did these small kingdoms have on government?

9. Germanic Kingdoms Emerge In GAUL, a Germanic people called the FRANKS held powerIn GAUL, a Germanic people called the FRANKS held power Influential Frankish Ruler:Influential Frankish Ruler: ClovisClovis

10. Germanic Kingdoms Emerge CLOVIS:CLOVIS: Converted to ChristianityConverted to Christianity Gained support of the Church in RomeGained support of the Church in Rome United Franks into one kingdomUnited Franks into one kingdom

11. Europe & the Muslim World

12. 622: The development of Islam…622: The development of Islam… The Muslims built a huge empire & began to overrun Christian landsThe Muslims built a huge empire & began to overrun Christian lands

13. Europe & the Muslim World Battle of Tours (732):Battle of Tours (732): Frankish ruler, Charles Martel defeated a Muslim raiding party from SpainFrankish ruler, Charles Martel defeated a Muslim raiding party from Spain

14. Europe & the Muslim World Important victory for European ChristiansImportant victory for European Christians Made Charles Martel a Christian heroMade Charles Martel a Christian hero

15. The Family Tree Charles MartelCharles Martel Martel’s SON:Martel’s SON: Pepin the ShortPepin the Short Pepin’s SON:Pepin’s SON: CHARLEMAGNE (Charles the Great )CHARLEMAGNE (Charles the Great )

16. Charlemagne

17. Empire included:Empire included: 2/3 of Italy2/3 of Italy All of present day FranceAll of present day France Small part of SpainSmall part of Spain All of German SaxonyAll of German Saxony Charlemagne’s Empire

18. Charlemagne, the Hero? Spread Christianity through his conquest of other landsSpread Christianity through his conquest of other lands AD 800 – Pope Leo III called Charlemagne to Rome in order to crush an unruly mobAD 800 – Pope Leo III called Charlemagne to Rome in order to crush an unruly mob SUCCESS!!!SUCCESS!!!

19. Charlemagne, the Hero? In gratitude, the Pope crowned Charlemagne & called him the “Roman Emperor”In gratitude, the Pope crowned Charlemagne & called him the “Roman Emperor”

21. Charlemagne, the Hero? Significance?Significance? A Christian Pope crowned a German king as the successor to the Roman EmperorsA Christian Pope crowned a German king as the successor to the Roman Emperors Legitimized Charlemagne’s rule over the former Roman EmpireLegitimized Charlemagne’s rule over the former Roman Empire

22. Charlemagne, the Hero? Revived the ideal of a UNITED CHRISTIAN COMMUNITYRevived the ideal of a UNITED CHRISTIAN COMMUNITY Also paved the way for future power struggles between Roman Catholic Popes and German EmperorsAlso paved the way for future power struggles between Roman Catholic Popes and German Emperors

23. Charlemagne’s Accomplishments Government:Government: Appointed nobles to rule over local regionsAppointed nobles to rule over local regions STRONG, EFFICIENT & ORDERLY!STRONG, EFFICIENT & ORDERLY!

24. Learning:Learning: Wanted to make a “second Rome” in AachenWanted to make a “second Rome” in Aachen Revived Latin learning (Greek & Roman)Revived Latin learning (Greek & Roman) Charlemagne’s Accomplishments

25. Curriculum included grammar, rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, geometry, music & astronomyCurriculum included grammar, rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, geometry, music & astronomy Became the EDUCATIONAL MODEL for Medieval EuropeBecame the EDUCATIONAL MODEL for Medieval Europe

26. A year before his death, Charlemagne crowned his only surviving son, Louis the Pious, as emperorA year before his death, Charlemagne crowned his only surviving son, Louis the Pious, as emperor Charlemagne’s Heirs

27. Louis was an INEFFECTIVE leader, but had 3 sons:Louis was an INEFFECTIVE leader, but had 3 sons: Lothair, Charles the Bald & Louis the GermanLothair, Charles the Bald & Louis the German Fought for control of the empire…Fought for control of the empire… Charlemagne’s Heirs

28. Civil War ended in 843 with the TREATY OF VERDUNCivil War ended in 843 with the TREATY OF VERDUN Divided Charlemagne’s Empire into 3 KingdomsDivided Charlemagne’s Empire into 3 Kingdoms

30. Charlemagne’s Legacy Despite the breakdown of the empire, Charlemagne left a lasting legacy…Despite the breakdown of the empire, Charlemagne left a lasting legacy… 1.Extended Christian civilization into N. Europe

31. Charlemagne’s Legacy 2.Further blended Greek, Roman & Christian traditions 3.Educational model 4.Strong, efficient gov’t – example for later medieval rulers