1. War and Change Cold War
SS6H7 The student will explain conflict and change in Europe to the 21st century (SS6H7c)

2. Vocabulary
NATO –North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Created to defend against Soviet aggression.
Warsaw Pact –The Soviet Union’s response to NATO.
Cold War –Open yet restricted rivalry and hostility that developed after World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union and their respective allies.

3. Roots of Cold War Communism versus Capitalism Yalta Conference (1945)
Soviet Buffer in Eastern Europe
U.S. and Soviet Union did not fight on their soil. They didn’t have to rebuild.
Communism versus Capitalism

4. Nuclear Tensions
The USA and the USSR were in competition with each other to have the best, most powerful weapons in the world – this was called the Arms Race.

5. Germany - divided
The western side became West Germany and the eastern side became East Germany.

6. The ‘Marshall Plan’
The Marshall Plan offered huge sums to enable the economies of Europe to rebuild after World War II, and, by generating prosperity, to reject the appeal of Communism.

7. The Berlin Wall 1961

8. Berlin Blockade
Berlin Wall- was a physical barrier erected by the German Democratic Republic completely encircling West Berlin, separating it from East Germany, including East Berlin.
The Berlin Blockade was an attempt to starve West Berlin into submitting [giving up] to the Communists

9. Berlin Airlift
In response, the Western Allies organized airplanes to carry supplies to the people in West Berlin.
Great Britain and the U.S.’s air force flew over 200,000 flights in one year that provided 13,000 tons of daily fuel and food to the Berliners.

10. End of the Cold War
Soviets spent all of their money on nuclear weaponry= no money
The USSR was declared officially dissolved on December 25, 1991.