1. Bell Ringer Why do you think laws to govern the speed limit were made? What are the following speed limits in the following areas school, residential area, business district, state highways, and interstates?

2. Chapter 4 Safe Driving Rules & Regulations

3. Learning Objectives n Describe the difference between broken yellow lines and broken white lines. n List 6 types of special roadway markings n List in order the checks you make when preparing to drive n Explain how to approach a controlled intersection n Describe the proper procedures for crossing uncontrolled railroad tracks n Explain the procedures to follow at an uncontrolled intersection n Define the right of way n Describe situations in which, you the driver, must yield the right of way n

4. Gravity n Gravity – is the force that pulls all things to the earth n Driving up hill – your vehicle will lose speed. You must increase power to overcome gravity and maintain speed n Driving down hill – your vehicle will pick up speed. You must coast or shift to a lower gear to maintain speed

5. SPEED CONTROL The Law n Exceeding the speed limit is cause for most accidents n Always obey speed limit n Speed affects EVERYTHING while driving n Always keep with flow of traffic n Keep your distance

6. Speed Limits n School Zone, Business and Residential Districts n Suburban Business and residential areas

7. Speed Limits (cont.) n Non-posted rural roadways n Certain state highways (as posted) and all other interstates

8. Speed Limits (cont.) n Certain Interstate Highways (as posted) Note- Drivers pay double fines for exceeding a 65 mph limit by 10 mph or more. Double fines also apply to most other moving violations committed in 65 mph zone.

9. Speed Control n Never drive faster than weather, or road conditions allow you to n Regardless of speed limit n Judge your speed by existing road conditions n Motorists should slow to see clearly and stop quickly n Failure to do so may result in a moving violation

10. When should you slow down while driving?

11. You Should Slow Down When… n You are on a winding or narrow road n At an intersection or railroad crossing n On hills n At sharp or blind curves n Where pedestrians or driving hazards are present n On wet or slippery roads

12. Driving too Slowly n Keep up with normal flow of traffic without exceeding the posted speed limit n Slow driving can cause collisions n When road surfaces and traffic are normal, NJ law prohibits blocking traffic through slow driving

13. Safe Corridors n Doubles fines for –Speeding –Aggressive driving n Placed in areas with high accident rates

14. Passing n Stay to the right of center lines n Passing is only safe when there is no oncoming traffic n Watch for lane makings

15. Lane Markings

17. Most passing should be made on the left. Pass on the right only when roads have more than one lane going in the same direction or the driver ahead of you is turning left. New Jersey law prohibits passing on the right shoulder of the roadway.

18. *on a hill or a curve, or at any time sight lines are impeded *at a street crossing or intersect *at a railroad crossing *on narrow bridges, or in an underpass and tunnels *when a sign prohibits passing or center lines restrict passing *when behind a vehicle that has stopped to let a pedestrian cross

19. New Jersey law requires driver to keep to the right, except when passing. Drive as closely as possible to the right -hand edge or curb of the roadway, except when passing another vehicle.

20. Yielding the Right of Way n Emergency Vehicles: Always yield to police cars, fire engines, and ambulances when they are giving warning signs such as flashing sirens and lights. n Buses: when re-entering the flow of traffic n Postal Vehicles: when re-entering the flow of traffic n Pedestrians: when in a crosswalk n Motorized devices: in a crosswalk n Other vehicles already in the intersection

21. Intersections n Where two or more roads intersect n Most accidents occur at intersections n Single solid white line across your lane means you must stop behind that line

22. Controlled Intersections n Always yield to the driver on your right if arriving at a four-way stop n Always yield to any driver at or in an intersection n When making a left turn at an intersection, yield to oncoming traffic and all pedestrians within a crosswalk

23. Uncontrolled Intersections n Motorists entering the intersection from a private road or driveway must yield to all traffic on the main road. n Vehicle on left should yield to vehicle on the right n Reduce speed and be ready to stop if traffic is coming from left or right n If a traffic light is out treat it as a 4 way stop

24. Blind Intersections n Buildings, parked cars, trees, crops, and bushes can obstruct motorists’ line of sight. n Slow down or stop completely to make sure there is no cross traffic before proceeding.

25. Traffic Circle n No set rules for a circle n Major road has right of way n Traffic signs control n Person to left yields to person on right

26. Entering Highways, Parkways, and Turnpikes -Acceleration Lane: used to speed up to join flow of traffic -Obey posted speed limits -Speed up to the flow of traffic - Try to avoid coming to a complete stop in the acceleration lane - Yield to traffic and enter the right-hand lane when safe

27. Leaving Highways, Parkways, and Turnpikes n Deceleration Lane: used to slow down when exiting –Start Slowing down when entering deceleration lane –Obey the posted speed –If you miss an exit take the next one –Never back up on exit ramp

28. Curves n Vehicle will tend to keep going straight n Slow down before entering the curve n Do not drift into other lanes

29. Vehicle Control in Curves n Speed – to reduce your chance of skidding, lower your speed before entering a curve n Sharpness of Curves – the sharper the curve the more traction your vehicle will need to grip the road. Use slower speeds for sharp turns n Banked Curves – is a curve that is higher on the outside than on its inside. This will help the vehicle grip the roadway better.

30. Vehicle Control in Curves n Load – the great the load of a vehicle, the slower the vehicle will have to go around a curve. n Vehicles with a high center of gravity will flip easier in curves

31. Interchange n Cloverleaf is used to enter/exit express traffic roads.

32. Right Turn On Red n Do not turn right when there is a no turn on red sign. n Come to a complete stop. n Watch all oncoming traffic and pedestrians

33. Right Turns n Get into right hand lane n Signal right turn n Slow down to turn n Do not make a wide turn n Do not cross lane markings

34. Left Turn n Signal left turn n keep close to center line n Yield to oncoming traffic n Turn into left lane n Do not cut corner n Don’t cross lane markings

35. Other Left Turns n Signal left turn n keep close to center line n Yield to oncoming traffic n Turn into the nearest left bound lane n May cross solid center lines to turn left between intersections

36. n Never try to beat a traffic light n Be careful when at a fresh green light n Most accidents occur in the first few seconds of a light changing n Stop at yellow light following a green light

37. Stopping at Railroad Crossings n Motorist must stop at least 15 ft. from railroad crossing when there are lights flashing, bells, or flag signals n Never attempt to cross until gates have been raised and lights have stopped flashing n Commercial Vehicles must stop at all railroad crossings n Never stop on the tracks

38. Stopping for school buses n You must stop for a school bus with flashing red lights n State law requires that a motorist stop a least 25 ft. Away if traveling on a 2 lane road, or on a multi-lane highway where lanes are only separated by lines, or on a privately maintained road

39. Stopping for school buses cont. n When traveling on a dual lane highway you can pass at 10mph if on the other side of the raised or island median n If a school bus has stopped directly in front of a school to pick up or let off children, pass from either direction no more than 10 mph.

40. Stopping for Desert Trucks

41. -Yield to the right of way to any person who is crossing the street to or from the vehicle. -Watch out for children and be prepared to stop. -Never drive past the vehicle at a speed faster than 15 M.P.H. -You don’t have to stop on a dual highway when traveling on the other side of a safety island or raised median

42. Stopping for Emergency Vehicles

43. -New Jersey requires motorists to yield to emergency vehicles sounding or flashing red or blue lights -Steer to extreme right -Wait for the vehicle to pass -Keep 300 ft. behind emergency vehicle -Do not park 200ft within fire department vehicle

44. Headlights must be turned on one half hour after sun set and one half hour before sunrise. They must also be used when it is snowing, raining, and any precipitation that might be falling from the sky. Using Headlights

45. There are two different settings when it comes to headlights. The first, is the dim lights or the everyday driving lights. They are used when there are other vehicles are around. The other type is high beams, used for open country driving and when other cars are not in the area.

46. Parking Regulations & Littering

47. Before exiting a vehicle: n Check for bicycles and mopeds and other hard to see object. n Look for all parking related signs for parking restrictions. n It’s illegal to park more than 6 in. from the curb.

48. Do NOT Park: n On crosswalks n between a safety zone for pedestrians or 20 feet from the end of a safety zone n near street construction n in a handicapped space n on an interstate highway n In a bus stop zone n in front of a public/private driveway n with an intersection n within 10 feet of a fire hydrant n within 25 feet of a crosswalk or intersection

49. Do NOT Park n Within 20 feet of the driveway entrance to any fire station entrance n Within 50 feet of a stop sign n on any bridge or tunnel n next to another vehicle parked at the curb

51. n As of July 1, 2004, hand held cell phones were not permitted at the wheel

52. ~traffic accident ~Fire

53. ~Serious Road Hazard ~medical emergency

54. And Hazardous material emergency --> Drivers in these situations would still have to keep their hands on the wheel <--

55. To prove that these situations happened, drivers would have to bring in written statement, witness testimony, and phone records The fine for breaking this law in $100 to $250

56. Littering n Throwing trash from a vehicle is illegal n up to $1,000 fines n driver’s license could be suspended.