1. Positive and Negative Effects
Industrializaton
Positive and Negative Effects

2. Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution affected every part of life in Great Britain and is considered to be a mixed blessing.
GOOD- Industrialization led to a better quality of life
BAD- Industrialization caused human suffering

3. Good Effects Wages higher in factories than in farms
With this money, more people could afford to heat their homes
People had better diets
Wore better clothing

4. Bad Effects Unsafe/Unhealthy working conditions
Air and water pollution
Child labor
Rise in class tensions
Unsanitary living conditions

5. How has industry affected your life?
Negative Outcomes
Health problems
Pollution
Positive Outcomes
Consumer goods
Plenty of jobs

6. Industrialization Changes Life

7. Industrial Cities Rise
Factory system - manufacturing of goods was concentrated in a central location (factory) not in houses
Urbanization – Growth of cities as people came looking for jobs

8. Population Multiplies
Population of England
Population of London
Population in Agriculture
1750
6 million
500,000
65% of population
1850
21 million
3 million
25% of population

9. Living Conditions
Cities grew so fast, they were not ready to handle it
They had no development plans, sanitary codes, or building codes.

10. Living Conditions Living conditions very poor for the working class.
Unpaved streets, no drains, no garbage collection
Workers lived in dark shelters, with whole families crowded in one bedroom
Multiple families shared one bathroom
Crowded caused diseases to spread, (ex: cholera)
Lack of police protection
Lack of education

11. Working Class Living

12. Tenements

14. Working Conditions
To increase production, factory owners wanted to keep their machines running as many hours as possible.
Result = Average work day was 14 hours, 6 days a week.
Work did not change with the seasons (like farming), it was the same week after week, year after year

15. Working Conditions Industry also posed new dangers for workers
Factories were poorly lit, and weren’t clean.
Machines injured workers, as their body parts would get caught in them.
No government program to provide aid in case of an injury.

16. Women and Child Labor
Many women and children were employed in industry because they were the cheapest source of labor.
Women and children worked in harsh conditions up to 14 hours a day.
Families needed the child’s income.

17. Child Labor

18. Women in the Textile Industry

19. Women at Work

20. Class Tensions Grow

21. Class Tensions Grow Poverty gripped Britain’s working class.
However, the Industrial Revolution created enormous wealth in the nation
Factory owners, shippers, and merchants controlled most of this new wealth
They were part of a new growing middle class, a social class made up of skilled workers, professionals, businessmen, and wealthy farmers.

22. Pyramid of British Social Classes
Land owners/aristocrats 1
Upper Class
Factory owners, merchants, and shippers, doctors, lawyers, managers
Upper Middle Class (bourgeoisie) 2
Factory overseers, skilled workers 3
Lower Middle Class
Lower Working Class 4
Poor city dwellers, child labors, factory workers

23. Middle Class
Before, landowners and aristocrats owned most of the wealth and top positions in Britain’s social structure.
British industrial society consisted of some of the middle class obtaining more wealth and influence than the upper class (landowners and aristocrats).
Middle class = Government workers, doctors, lawyers, and managers of factories, mines, and shops.
Lower Middle class = Factory overseers, skilled workers such as toolmakers, mechanical drafters, and printers

24. Middle Class Living
The middle class had nice homes on paved streets, a stable supply of water and fancy clothes.
Women stayed home with the children.

25. Working Class
Between 1800 and 1850, the working class saw little improvement in their living and working conditions.
Machines replaced workers

26. Positive and Negative Effects of the Industrial Revolution

27. In Closing
Which change brought on by the Industrial Revolution had the greatest impact?
The Industrial Revolution has been described as a mixed blessing (it was good, but also bad). Do you agree or disagree? Support your answer.