2. Quick Comparison of Hinduism & Buddhism World Civilizations

3. Hinduism Founding: formed out of Aryan cultural traditions Founding: formed out of Aryan cultural traditions Key Gods: Key Gods: –Brahma: The Creator –Vishnu: Preservers of Worlds –Shiva: Creator & Destroyers of Worlds Source of Beliefs: Source of Beliefs: –Upanishads: religious writings  Discuss Brahman Nerguna (one’s eternal spirit)  Our bodies tie us to material world  True freedom=soul separates from material world & unites with Brahman Nerguna Buddhism Founding: Siddhartha Guatama Founding: Siddhartha Guatama Key Gods: Key Gods: –None Sources of Beliefs: Sources of Beliefs: –The Four Noble Truths  Life is full of suffering  Desire is the cause of life’s suffering  By ending desire, once can end one’s suffering  Pain & suffering, & thus desire, can be overcome by following the Eightfold Path –The Eightfold Path

4. Hinduism Cont’d To achieve this state of tranquility: To achieve this state of tranquility: –self-denial such as fasting –practice yoga which exercises mind & body Key Concepts: Key Concepts: –Reincarnation: rebirth of soul –Karma: how a person lives life determines what form soul takes in next life –Dharma: Duty in life –Varna: Social class –Ahimsa: Nonviolence towards all living things –Moksha: Release from pain of suffering & rebirth (freedom from reincarnation=Brahma N.) Buddhism Cont’d Eightfold Path Eightfold Path –Know the truth –Resist evil –Say nothing to hurt others –Respect life –Work for the good of others –Free minds of evil –Control one’s thoughts –Practice meditation Rejects varnas, or social classes Rejects varnas, or social classes Goal: Goal: –Reach state of Nirvana: freedom from cycle of rebirth –In Nirvana, person in state of oneness with universe

5. Last Slide... I promise... Pinky Swear Hinduism Cont’d Divisions w/in Hinduism Divisions w/in Hinduism Buddhism Cont’d Divisions within Buddhism: Divisions within Buddhism: 1. Theravada: Established in S & SE Asia & beliefs S & SE Asia & beliefs Buddha is a teacher Buddha is a teacher(T=Teacher) 2. Mahayana: Dominant in China, Korea, & Japan & beliefs Buddha is a divine being or savior China, Korea, & Japan & beliefs Buddha is a divine being or savior

6. Could you now explain the essential learnings below? Students will explain the origins, development, and characteristics of both Hinduism and Buddhism. Students will explain the origins, development, and characteristics of both Hinduism and Buddhism. How is ideology intertwined with society? How is ideology intertwined with society?

7. Indian Toddler

9. Picture of Hindu Goddess Siva