1. Political Parties and Politics 5/7AGENDA: LOG IN TO COMP NOW! Go to www.people-press.org/political-party-quiz/www.people-press.org/political-party-quiz/ Political Party Notes Continued… Info Check TOTD: after notes Research Quiz tomorrow!

2. What is a political party? Association of voters with broad, common interests who want to influence or control decision making in government by electing the party’s candidates to public office. Association of voters with broad, common interests who want to influence or control decision making in government by electing the party’s candidates to public office. (box 1 pg 37) (box 1 pg 37)

3. What is up with the donkey and the elephant?

5. The symbol of the Republican Party was born in the imagination of cartoonist Thomas Nast and first appeared in Harper's Weekly on November 7, 1874 The symbol of the Republican Party was born in the imagination of cartoonist Thomas Nast and first appeared in Harper's Weekly on November 7, 1874 One of the animals in the cartoon was an elephant, representing the Republican vote (not the party) He used the donkey to represent the Democratic Party because it was the symbol of Andrew Jackson who ran on the Democratic Party. His opponents called him a jackass (donkey) but saw it as a good symbol for his stubbornness. Nast in one of his cartoons showed the Democratic donkey in lion's skin frightening all the animals of the zoo including the elephant that was labeled the Republican voters.

7. In a one-party system, the party and the government are the same thing. These systems are not democratic. In a one-party system, the party and the government are the same thing. These systems are not democratic. Dictatorships! Dictatorships! No choices for voters No choices for voters

8. What kind of party system do we have in the United States? A two-party system A two-party system Democrats Democrats Republicans Republicans Since 1860, either Democrats or Republicans have held the Presidency. (box 2)

9. Other Party Systems Most democracies have multiparty systems. This system gives voters more choice, but makes the government more unstable. Most democracies have multiparty systems. This system gives voters more choice, but makes the government more unstable.

10. What do Democrats believe? Democrats believe that the government should be directly involved in the lives of Americans. Democrats believe that the government should be directly involved in the lives of Americans. The government should regulate the economy The government should regulate the economy Provide housing, jobs, income, education for the poor (help with social issues) Provide housing, jobs, income, education for the poor (help with social issues)

11. Democrats More restrictions on corporations, businesses to ensure that they are operating fairly, not harming the environment, etc. More restrictions on corporations, businesses to ensure that they are operating fairly, not harming the environment, etc. More personal liberties and freedoms. Fewer restrictions on free speech, expression. Pro-choice. More personal liberties and freedoms. Fewer restrictions on free speech, expression. Pro-choice.

12. What do Republicans believe? Less government regulation of the economy Less government regulation of the economy If the economy is open and successful, poor people will have a better chance finding jobs and meeting their needs on their own. If the economy is open and successful, poor people will have a better chance finding jobs and meeting their needs on their own.

13. Republicans Fewer restrictions on corporations. It is not the government’s job to regulate these things. Fewer restrictions on corporations. It is not the government’s job to regulate these things. Some limits on free speech, expression. Some limits on free speech, expression. Pro-life/Pro-gun Pro-life/Pro-gun Protect the moral well-being of our society. Protect the moral well-being of our society. Teach to fish Teach to fish

14. Famous Republican Presidents

15. Famous Democratic Presidents

16. Most people do not clearly identify with one particular party. Some people favor one party on economic issues and another on social issues. This is very common. Also, more people today vote based on the candidate, not the political party.

17. Easy: “Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime.” “Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime.” Give: Democrats Give: Democrats Teach: Republicans Teach: Republicans

18. Advocates Quiz

19. Roots of the two party system The Constitution does not mention political parties The Constitution does not mention political parties George Washington did not want parties to form in the United States and he warned against them (box 2) George Washington did not want parties to form in the United States and he warned against them (box 2)

20. History of Political Parties P 38

21. Federalists/Democratic Republicans Federalists: Hamilton Federalists: Hamilton Focus- Industry/trade Focus- Industry/trade Democratic Republicans: Jefferson Democratic Republicans: Jefferson Agriculture Agriculture

22. The Democratic Party Jefferson’s party was originally called the Democratic-Republican party Jefferson’s party was originally called the Democratic-Republican party The party split in 1828 under the leadership of Andrew Jackson The party split in 1828 under the leadership of Andrew Jackson

23. The Republican Party (box1 pg 38) Hamilton’s Federalist party faded away Hamilton’s Federalist party faded away 1830 the Whig party emerged to compete with the Democrats 1830 the Whig party emerged to compete with the Democrats In 1854 a group of breakaway Democrats and Whigs, many of whom opposed slavery, formed the Republican Party. In 1854 a group of breakaway Democrats and Whigs, many of whom opposed slavery, formed the Republican Party. In 1860 Abraham Lincoln was the first Republican elected President. In 1860 Abraham Lincoln was the first Republican elected President.

24. Political Machines: corrupt organization that pays off voters and threatens candidates Ex: Tammany Hall One of the most famous and notorious political machines One of the most famous and notorious political machines This organization ruled New York City in the late 1800s and early 1900s This organization ruled New York City in the late 1800s and early 1900s Its leader, William Marcy “Boss” Tweed, and his friends grew rich from bribes given by building contractors seeking to do business in the city. Its leader, William Marcy “Boss” Tweed, and his friends grew rich from bribes given by building contractors seeking to do business in the city. Eventually many members of the Tweed ring ended up in prison Eventually many members of the Tweed ring ended up in prison

25. Third Parties Parties that challenge the two major parties Parties that challenge the two major parties Even though third parties are different, they all agree that the two main parties are not effective Even though third parties are different, they all agree that the two main parties are not effective No Third party candidate has ever been elected President. (pg 38 box 2) No Third party candidate has ever been elected President. (pg 38 box 2)

26. A third party candidate has never won the presidency, although some do win local and state elections. There are also several independents in Congress. A third party candidate has never won the presidency, although some do win local and state elections. There are also several independents in Congress. Two third parties did have some impact on American politics Two third parties did have some impact on American politics The Populists and the Progressives The Populists and the Progressives

27. The Populists 1890s 1890s Farmers and laborers Farmers and laborers Called for the direct election of Senators and an eight-hour workday Called for the direct election of Senators and an eight-hour workday Although they never won the presidency, the two major parties adopted many of their ideas. Although they never won the presidency, the two major parties adopted many of their ideas.

28. The Progressives Also known as the Bull Moose party Also known as the Bull Moose party Split from the Republicans in 1912, when Theodore Roosevelt, a former Republican president, ran for president as a Progressive Split from the Republicans in 1912, when Theodore Roosevelt, a former Republican president, ran for president as a Progressive Roosevelt took so many votes away from the Republican candidate, William Howard Taft, that the Democratic nominee, Woodrow Wilson, won the election. Roosevelt took so many votes away from the Republican candidate, William Howard Taft, that the Democratic nominee, Woodrow Wilson, won the election. Election “spoiler” Election “spoiler”

29. Types of Third Parties (box 2) Issue based party- promote social, economic or moral issues Issue based party- promote social, economic or moral issues Single-issue- 1 main idea focused Single-issue- 1 main idea focused Single person- aka Independent Candidates Single person- aka Independent Candidates TODAYS PARTIES: box3 TODAYS PARTIES: box3 American socialist party: sp-usa.org American socialist party: sp-usa.org Believe working people should own means of production Believe working people should own means of production Form unions freely Form unions freely Libertarian Party: lp.org Libertarian Party: lp.org 3 rd LARGEST party 3 rd LARGEST party People centered approach– “live and let live” People centered approach– “live and let live” Smaller government, lower taxes & more freedom Smaller government, lower taxes & more freedom

30. Box 4 pg Reform Party (reformparty.org) Reform Party (reformparty.org) Give congress and white house same retirement plan & health care as average citizen Give congress and white house same retirement plan & health care as average citizen Green Party (gp.org) Green Party (gp.org) One of largest 3 rd parties One of largest 3 rd parties Ralph Nader Ralph Nader Increase public participation Increase public participation Prohibition Party (1872) wanted to ban sale of alcohol Prohibition Party (1872) wanted to ban sale of alcohol Right to Life Party- non-abortion party Right to Life Party- non-abortion party

31. Page 39 last box Page 39 last box You can find out how the parties differ by reading their platform (fence) You can find out how the parties differ by reading their platform (fence) Platform : statements about their principles, beliefs and positions on issues. Platform : statements about their principles, beliefs and positions on issues. Each individual statement or part of the platform is known as a plank. (parts of the fence) Each individual statement or part of the platform is known as a plank. (parts of the fence) Ex of planks: Ex of planks: Health care Health care The enviornment The enviornment Terrorism Terrorism Immigration Immigration

32. 2012 Presidential CANDIDATES Republican Candidates: Republican Candidates: Michele Bachmann Michele BachmannMichele BachmannMichele Bachmann Mitt Romney Mitt Romney Mitt Romney Mitt Romney Jon Huntsman Jon Huntsman Jon Huntsman Jon Huntsman Rick Perry Rick Perry Rick Perry Rick Perry Rick Santorum Rick Santorum Rick Santorum Rick Santorum Herman Cain Herman Cain Herman Cain Herman Cain Newt Gingrich Newt Gingrich Newt Gingrich Newt Gingrich Ron Paul Ron Paul Ron Paul Ron Paul

33. 2012 Democratic Candidates

34. Organization of American Political Parties (bottom 4 boxes page 39) Each party has a national committee made up of representatives from every state. Each party has a national committee made up of representatives from every state. A national party chairperson runs the committee. A national party chairperson runs the committee. They run the office, direct the staff and lead fundraising efforts. They run the office, direct the staff and lead fundraising efforts.

35. The national committee’s main job The national committee’s main job national convention every four years. (BIG MEETING) national convention every four years. (BIG MEETING) @ the convention: delegates from each state nominate candidates for president and vice president. @ the convention: delegates from each state nominate candidates for president and vice president. Each party chooses its delegates through presidential primaries and caucuses of state and local organizations. Each party chooses its delegates through presidential primaries and caucuses of state and local organizations.

36. State and Local Organization Each city or county is divided into districts called precincts. Each city or county is divided into districts called precincts. Each precinct has a captain that organizes other volunteers and encourages voters on election day. Each precinct has a captain that organizes other volunteers and encourages voters on election day.

37. Each county has a county chairperson that runs the committee and has a lot of power locally. Each county has a county chairperson that runs the committee and has a lot of power locally.

38. What do you have to do to join a political party? All you have to do is vote! (register) All you have to do is vote! (register) You are not required to donate money or volunteer. You are not required to donate money or volunteer. Parties like to have large membership and you can participate even while in high school! Parties like to have large membership and you can participate even while in high school! Young Democrats of America Young Republicans.com

39. The Roles of Political Parties Today Political parties are the only organizations that select and nominate candidates for public office. Political parties are the only organizations that select and nominate candidates for public office. They do this through the nomination process. They do this through the nomination process.

40. Primary Elections Candidates are nominated through direct primaries, elections in which voters choose candidates to represent each party in a general election. Candidates are nominated through direct primaries, elections in which voters choose candidates to represent each party in a general election.

41. There are two types of primaries 1. open primary- you do not have to be registered as a Democrat or Republican to vote in their primaries. In fact, you could be a Democrat and vote in a Republican primary. In fact, you could be a Democrat and vote in a Republican primary. 2. closed primary- only members of the party can vote for the candidates.

42. How do parties choose a nominee? During the primary, candidates must receive a plurality- the most votes among all those running. During the primary, candidates must receive a plurality- the most votes among all those running. Some states require candidates to have a majority (more than half the votes) to win. Some states require candidates to have a majority (more than half the votes) to win. If no one has a majority, the party has a run-off between the top two vote getters. If no one has a majority, the party has a run-off between the top two vote getters.

43. Today’s Party Roles use page 40 (boxes 1-5) Campaigning for candidates Campaigning for candidates Informing citizens (the public) Informing citizens (the public) Helping manage government Helping manage government Grassroots Movements Grassroots Movements Linking the different levels of government Linking the different levels of government Acting as a watchdog Acting as a watchdog Bubble map these!