1. Causes and Effects of World War I
Adapted from Tan Jon Lin (with her permission)

2. M A N I Causes of World War I - MANIA
ilitarism – policy of building up strong military forces to prepare for war
lliances - agreements between nations to aid and protect one another
ationalism – pride in or devotion to one’s country
mperialism – when one country takes over another country economically and politically
ssassination – murder of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand

3. Militarism Alliance Nationalism Imperialism Causes of World War I
Balkan Powder Keg
Caution Explosive
Militarism
Arms race
Blank Check Given
to Austria by
Germany
Alliance
System
Nationalism
Immediate Cause
The Assassination
At Sarajevo
Set off the
Powder Keg and
Started WWI
Imperialism 1 9 4

4. 1910-1914 Increase in Defense Expenditures
Causes of WWI - Militarism
Total Defense Expenditures for the Great Powers [Ger., A-H, It., Fr., Br., Rus.] in millions of £s (British pounds).
1870
1880
1890
1900
1910
1914 94
130
154
268
289
398
Increase in Defense Expenditures
France
10%
Britain
13%
Russia
39%
Germany
73%

5. Causes of WWI - Alliances
Triple Entente: 1907 (Morocco Crisis) :
Triple Alliance: 1882
Germany
Great Britain
Austria-Hungary
France
Italy
Russia

7. Causes of WWI - Nationalism

8. Causes of World War I: Nationalism
Aggressive Nationalism
France and Germany
Germany proud of military and Industrial strength.
French loss in Franco Prussia War/revenge
Recovery of lost provinces Alsace and Lorraine

10. Balkans 1914
Southeastern Europe
East of Italy
Dominated by the Austrian Hungarian Empire
Slavic Nations
Russia felt the need to protect the other Slavic nations because of its size.
Pan-Slavism  - movement to unify all of the Slavic people. Trouble in Serbia with Austrian Hungarian Empire.

11. The geographical position makes t very valuable as a trade route
Balkans 1914
The geographical position makes t very valuable as a trade route
Controlled by Turkey for hundreds of years, but Turkey’s power was declining – she was known as “The Sick Man of Europe”
By the 1900s, Serbia and Austria on each side were eager to control a key part of the Balkans : Bosnia
Austria claimed the right to rule ‘cos of a deal she had with Turkey, ie Turkey used Imperialism (the right of empires to rule weaker areas) to justify her case.
Serbia claimed the right to rule because the people living in that area are fellow Slavs. Serbia used Nationalism (the right of people to rule themselves) to justify her case.

12. Imperialism 1905 and 1911 Moroccan Crisis
France and Germany almost to the brink of war
Morocco: France vs. Germany
Britain sides with France/resents Germany industrial strength.
Britain and France develop closer ties.
European nations taking over parts of the Ottoman Empire.

13. Causes of WWI - Assassination
Archduke Franz Ferdinand and Duchess Sophie at Sarajevo, Bosnia, on June 28th, 1914.

14. The Legacy of War 8.5 Million Killed 21 million wounded
War Costs 338 billion, destroys towns, and land in Europe and Russia
disillusionment

15. Collapse of the Empires
Breakup of Austrian Hungarian Empire
Austria and Hungary become independent nations
Czechoslovakia & Yugoslavia were formed
Italy and Romania gained land

16. Ottoman Empire Dissolved
Turkey becomes independent
Most of the Arab nations were put under the control of Britain and France
Mandates
Russian and German Losses
Other nations Formed: Poland, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania

17. The Treaty of Versailles: Major Provisions
League of Nations
Territorial Losses/Germany returns Alsace Lorraine; French Border extended to the Rhine; Germany surrenders all of its overseas colonies in Africa and the Pacific
Military restrictions/limits size of German Army; cannot build or import weapons, submarines, airplanes

18. The Treaty of Versailles: War Guilt
Sole responsibility for the war placed on Germany’s shoulders
Germany forced to pay the Allies 33 Billion in reparations over 30 years.
Laid the ground work for WWII.

19. Bibliography