Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
Published byBerenice Randall Modified over 9 years ago
1
I. Sudan: A Divided Country
2
Former Brit. Colony –1956: Brits. gave power to Northern Arab elite >500 ethnic groups w/ >100 languages Governed by military regimes Sudanese split: –North = Muslim –South = Christian & Animist
4
1979: oil was discovered (south) discovered (south)
5
1983-2005: Civil War –Muslim North vs. Christian South Fought b/c: 1) cultural differences 2) oil money –WAS the longest running civil war in Af.
6
1986: Omar al-Bashir became Pres.
7
Beginning of 21 st cent.: 2 million dead (civil war & famine) –Longest running war in Af. (1983-2005) 2004: Oil wealth is shared 2005: Comprehensive Peace Agreement –Led to independence of South Sudan –Granted south autonomy (6 yrs.) –Referendum for independence (passed Jan. 2011) –Split oil $?
8
Sudanese Oil: –Where does all the $$$$ go? –Khartoum—modern city (others?)
9
July 9, 2011: –South Sudan was born –54th member of African Union –World’s newest country! Fighting continues along border over oil-rich lands
10
II. Crisis in Darfur
11
2003: Crisis began Rebel Groups (non-Arab black Af. Muslims) –Sudanese Liberation Army/Movement (SLA/M) –Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) –Want govt. to share oil $ (MEND in Nigeria)
12
“To kill a few fish, you must drain the entire sea” Pres. Omar al-Bashir & the Janjaweed –Arab black Af. Muslims –Janjaweed (nomadic Arab black Af. Muslim pastoralists in competition w/Darfurian farmers for land) Desertification –Target Darfurian (non-Arab black Af. Muslim farmers) GENOCIDE & ETHNIC CLEANSING against the non-Arab black Af. Muslims!! Genocide: the deliberate, systematic killing of a group of people b/c of their race, religion, or ethnicity –Nothing to do w/Christians in South!
13
Scorched earth campaign –>400,000 dead –2.5 million refugees or Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) – Chad Dependent on UN aid –1 million still live in villages African Union (AU): peacekeeping force
15
Humanitarian Effort? Humanitarian workers are targeted U.S. Efforts? –“Genocide” –2007: U.S. imposed economic sanctions on Sudan –China is undermining Western attempts 2/3 of oil = China al-Bashir tries to keep it quiet
17
Arrest Warrant Issued for al-Bashir March 4, 2009: –International Criminal Court in The Hague –Indicted al-Bashir on crimes against humanity First sitting head of state to be issued arrest warrant Sudan rejects charges Does not travel to West Video Video
Similar presentations
© 2024 SlidePlayer.com Inc.
All rights reserved.