1. Dictators Threaten World Peace Fascists, Nazis and Commies … Oh My!

2. Benito Mussolini - Italy

3. Mussolini’s Rise to Power 1922 March on Rome Black shirts …thugs, secret police, violent storm troopers Mussolini becomes dictator First fascist government in Europe

4. Benito Mussolini ItalyFascist –Black shirts –Total control … fear, violence, nationalism

5. Fascism From the Latin word, “fasces” Symbol of Roman authority

6. Adolf Hitler

7. Hitler’s Rise to Power 1919 – Joins the National Socialists German Workers Party (Nazi) 1923 – Beer Hall Putsch…attempted to start revolution to overthrow government –Arrested and sentenced to prison (April 1924) –While in prison, writes a book, Mein Kampf (My Struggle) –Released December 24, 1924 Nazi Party is not popular throughout the 1920s 1930 Reichstag elections, Nazis get more seats than anyone (sudden popularity) 1933 – Hitler is elected Chancellor of Germany (Jan) 1933 – After Reichstag fire in February, communists are arrested by Nazis and Hitler is made Dictator to keep law and order and protect Germany from threat of communist terrorism

8. 1933

9. Nazism Swastika Symbol adopted by Nazis NOT originally a sinister symbol used worldwide and was regarded as a symbol of good luck and success Nazis ruined it

10. Hideki Tojo

11. Tojo’s Rise Worldwide depression left Japan in need of resources Military preached self-sufficiency through conquest Hideki Tojo becomes military dictator of Japan (1930) Emperor Hirohito is retained as Emperor, but Tojo rules Japan

12. AXIS Powers (Bad Guys) JAPAN

13. The Soviet Union 1922 – Russia became the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR, Soviet Union) 1922 – Russia became the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR, Soviet Union) 1924-27 Stalin wins power struggle with Trotsky 1924-27 Stalin wins power struggle with Trotsky Communist dictatorship under Joseph Stalin Communist dictatorship under Joseph Stalin

14. Joseph Stalin Communist dictator of Soviet Union Communist dictator of Soviet Union Most brutal of all the dictators Most brutal of all the dictators Purged army officers (over 30,000 executed) Purged army officers (over 30,000 executed) Farm collectivization killed 13,000,000 peasants (mostly in Ukraine) Farm collectivization killed 13,000,000 peasants (mostly in Ukraine) Pogroms against Jews (deported, arrested, killed) Pogroms against Jews (deported, arrested, killed) Series of “5 year plans” industrialized USSR Series of “5 year plans” industrialized USSR Very, Very paranoid Very, Very paranoid

15. Francisco Franco Started revolt in Spain in 1936 As a Fascist, he attracted the attention and assistance of Hitler and Mussolini During the Spanish Civil War (1936) German and Italian pilots trained by bombing Spanish cities Francisco Franco would become the Fascist dictator of Spain and rule form 1937 - 1975