1. Monosaccharides and Disaccharides

2. The elements which make up carbohydrates are:
Carbon (C)
Hydrogen (H)
Oxygen (O)

3. Monosaccharides -Single Sugar- Monosaccharides are: Sweet tasting
Soluble in water
Reducing sugars
These are the basic building blocks of other carbohydrates of which are
the reducing sugars:
Glucose
Fructose
The Formula for glucose is
C6 H12 O6

4. Disaccharides -Double Sugars- May be non-reducing Sweet tasting
Water soluble
Disaccharides are formed by CONDENSATION REACTION of 2 Monosaccharides, the bond is called a glycosidic bond.
Sucrose
Maltose

5. Condensation Reactions
The chemical reaction that links monosaccharides together to
produce polymers (disaccharides etc) is called a
CONDENSATION REACTION.
Examples include:
2 glucose molecules to form maltose
A glucose and a fructose to form sucrose

6. 2 Glucose to form Maltose+
Hydrolysis
Condensation
H2O

7. A Glucose and a Fructose to form Sucrose+
Condensation
H2O
Hydrolysis

8. Summary So… CLASSIFICATION: The basic sugar unit = the saccharide
1 sugar unit = Monosaccaride
2 sugar units = Disaccharide
Examples of Monosaccharides: Glucose, Fructose
Examples of Disaccharides: Maltose, Sucrose
These are formed by CONDENSATION REACTIONS
To reverse the reaction it is called HYDROLYSIS