1. NUTRITION

2. What is a nutrient?  A nutrient is a chemical substance in foods that builds, repairs, and maintains body tissues, regulates body processes and provides energy.

3.  Carbohydrates  Fats  Proteins  Vitamins  Minerals  Water (essential element) Essential Nutrients

4.  A PROTEIN is a nutrient needed to build, repair, and maintain body tissues. Proteins form parts of muscles, bones, blood, cell membranes and hormones. Proteins Sources of Proteins Animal (Complete):These proteins contain all the essential amino acids. Meat, milk, eggs, fish, chicken and yogurt. Non-Animal (Incomplete):These are proteins from plant sources and do not contain all the essential amino acids. Nuts, seed and beans

5. Proteins  20% of your body mass is protein  Made up of chemical units called amino acids  Unneeded protein is broken down by the body and excreted in urine or stored as fat

6.  A CARBOHYDRATE are nutrients that provide energy to the body. –Simple Carbohydrates are sugars that enter the bloodstream rapidly and provide quick energy. –Complex Carbohydrates are starches that provide long-lasting energy. Sources of Carbohydrates Simple Carbohydrates: Fruits, honey and other sugar sources. Complex Carbohydrates: Rice, wheat and oats. Carbohydrates

7.  Provide energy in the body  Liver breaks down carbohydrates into glucose (blood sugar)  Your body uses this sugar for energy for your cells, tissues, and organs  Glucose is the preferred energy source for your brain!

8.  FATS are nutrients that are a source of energy and make certain vitamins available for use in the body.  Saturated Fats are fats that contribute to your blood cholesterol. Cholesterol is a fat-like substance produced in the liver and is used for building cells.  Unsaturated Fats are fats found in plant products  Trans fats – found in vegetable shortenings, some margarines, crackers, cookies, snack foods and other foods made with or fried in partially hydrogenated oils Sources of Fats Saturated Fats: meat, poultry, milk, cheese, ice cream and egg yolks. Unsaturated Fats: fish, nuts, corn oil, vegetable oils. Fats

9.  VITAMINS are nutrients that help chemical reactions take place in the body.  Vitamins do not supply energy but they are needed for the release of energy from fats and carbohydrates. –Fat-Soluble vitamins are vitamins that can be stored in the body. –Water-Soluble vitamins are vitamins that can not be stored in the body. Examples of Vitamins Fat-Soluble: Vitamins A, D, E Water-Soluble: Vitamins B and C Vitamins

10.  MINERALS are nutrients that regulate many chemical reactions in the body. Examples of Minerals Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sodium Minerals

11. YYour body uses minerals for many different jobs, including building bones, making hormones, and regulating your heartbeat

12.  WATER is essential for your body and makes up about 65% of your weight. Water is essential for normal functioning of the body.  HOW MUCH? 64 ounces = Water

13. Fiber  Fiber – substance in plants that your body can’t digest  Makes you feel full faster, helping control your weight  Helps digestion and helps prevent constipation  Diets rich in fiber decrease the risk of heart disease and cancers  Sources: whole grains, beans, nuts, fruits, and vegetables

14. What is cholesterol?  Soft, fat-like, waxy substance found in the bloodstream and in all your body's cells  It's normal to have cholesterol  Used for producing cell membranes and some hormones, and serves other needed bodily functions  Your liver and other cells in your body make about 75 percent of blood cholesterol. The other 25 percent comes from the foods you eat.

15. Cholesterol continued  HDL – high density lipoprotein (good cholesterol), helps remove extra cholesterol from artery walls and blood  LDL – low density lipoprotein (bad cholesterol), When too much of it circulates in the blood, it can clog arteries, increasing your risk of heart attack and stroke  LDL cholesterol is produced naturally by the body, but many people inherit genes from their mother, father or even grandparents that cause them to make too much