1. The Papal Schism VS.

2. King Philip IV vs. Pope Boniface VIII 1.Philip claims right to tax clergy- Pope refuses 2. Philip attempts to capture Pope Pope escapes but dies from shock 3. To ensure position, Clement V is elected Pope and moves to Avignon (in Southern France)

3. Pope’s Palace In Avignon

4. Papacy moved to France Moved to Avignon Leads to the decline of papal prestige Finally Pope Gregory XI moved the Papacy back to Rome

5. Vatican City

6. When Pope Gregory dies College of Cardinals met to elect new Pope Citizens of Italy warned the Cardinals that if they did not elect a new Italian Pope the cardinals would not leave alive Cardinals elect Pope Urban VI

7. Cardinals in France declare election invalid –Elect a new Pope 5 months later –Choose Frenchman as Pope who resides in Avignon: Clement VII –Now there are two Popes –Both declare the other invalid and excommunicate each other! –Great Schism lasts from 1378 to 1417

9. A 3 rd Pope elected (Pope Alexander V)

10. How does this end? All three popes forced to resign Leaders met in Constance, Switzerland Finally elect one Pope (Pope Martin V)

11. Why does this matter? Pope did not seem as holy Having multiple popes at the same time weakened the image of the pope Leads to a decline in religion

12. Other Challenges John Wycliffe- Jesus, not the Pope is the head of the church. Also, the clergy should not own land John Hus- Pope is not the head of the church… the BIBLE is the authority