1. The Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire

2. Growth of Roman Empire

3. Roman Empire at its height

4. The Beginning of the Empire The Roman Empire began in 31BC with the rule of Octavian. (Caesar Augustus)The Roman Empire began in 31BC with the rule of Octavian. (Caesar Augustus) –The Grand nephew of Julius Caesar

5. Augustus

7. During the period of the Roman Empire, Rome flourished. It expanded to cover most of Europe, the Middle East, and the Northern Part of Africa. The areas were divided into provinces and were controlled by a shared power of Augustus and the Senate. Augustus was seen to be one of the greatest emperors of the Roman Empire. called princep (first citizen)called princep (first citizen) Augustus (31BC-14AD) 45 years in power

8. Key Reforms of Augustus Praetorian Guard for his protection (4500 men)Praetorian Guard for his protection (4500 men) shared control with Senateshared control with Senate created buffer territories and Kingdomscreated buffer territories and Kingdoms continued granting citizenship to provincescontinued granting citizenship to provinces created a Censuscreated a Census uniform tax system (equal among provinces)uniform tax system (equal among provinces) established civil serviceestablished civil service positions based on talent & merit not classpositions based on talent & merit not class encouraged family and religious dutiesencouraged family and religious duties tax on childless couplestax on childless couples built temples and roadsbuilt temples and roads

10. Emperors following Augustus treated with hostility by Romanstreated with hostility by Romans None of the next few emperors kept the good ties with the Senate and the people of Rome that Augustus had.None of the next few emperors kept the good ties with the Senate and the people of Rome that Augustus had. None had been as good to Rome, and conquered people, as Augustus.None had been as good to Rome, and conquered people, as Augustus. –Tiberius (14-37) Cheap –Caligula (37-41) Insane (assassinated) Gave his horse the position of consul. killed by the Praetorian guard in 41 CE. –Nero (54-68) Vain, Cruel, Revengeful

11. Nero

12. Emperor Nero He ruled from 54AD - 68 AD. – –He was very cruel and revengeful. – –He ordered the assassination of anyone who seemed to be an opponent to him. Killed his own mother. A disastrous fire swept through Rome in 64 AD which was believed to have been set by Nero himself. After his death the Senate and the army knew they had to play more of an active role in selecting an emperor.

13. Five Good Emperors After Nero, Senate & Army played a role in selecting emperor (many inter army battles)After Nero, Senate & Army played a role in selecting emperor (many inter army battles) 96 -180 Century of Peace96 -180 Century of Peace Each emperor trained a successor (Caesar)Each emperor trained a successor (Caesar) (Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antonius Pius, Marcus Aurelius)(Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antonius Pius, Marcus Aurelius) Trajan was a Spaniard (1st Non-Italian)Trajan was a Spaniard (1st Non-Italian) –Rome's Boundaries reached greatest extent

14. Pax Romana (“Roman Peace”) Under the 5 Good Emperors the Roman Empire expanded in territory, trade and wealth.the Roman Empire expanded in territory, trade and wealth. civilization flourishedcivilization flourished hundreds of cities builthundreds of cities built paved roadspaved roads Latin common language of empire. (This led to it forming the basis later languages)Latin common language of empire. (This led to it forming the basis later languages) the Emperors would communicate closely with the Senate before taking any action.the Emperors would communicate closely with the Senate before taking any action. –(Means they didn't abuse their authority. People felt they still had say.)

15. The Decline of the Roman Empire

16. Began in the 2nd century when enemies from the north began to invade Roman territory.Began in the 2nd century when enemies from the north began to invade Roman territory. –Why would it be easy to attack this large empire? –the empire was so large and the borders were so long, it was nearly impossible to protect the borders. By 285 AD Rome was going through serious internal problems, revolts in conquered territories, present day France, Britain.By 285 AD Rome was going through serious internal problems, revolts in conquered territories, present day France, Britain. The emperor was unable to squash these revolts.The emperor was unable to squash these revolts. As a result the Empire was divided into two sections.As a result the Empire was divided into two sections.

17. Result of splitting the Empire two rulers would issue all laws together.two rulers would issue all laws together. very negative effect on Rome.very negative effect on Rome. It was no longer the capital of the empire or the centre of power.It was no longer the capital of the empire or the centre of power. Roman Senate lost all of its power.Roman Senate lost all of its power. The rule of these two parts of the Roman Empire broke down when 7 different people fought for power.The rule of these two parts of the Roman Empire broke down when 7 different people fought for power. Constantine defeated all rivals in a civil war (tears a country apart) and became the sole emperor of Roman Empire.Constantine defeated all rivals in a civil war (tears a country apart) and became the sole emperor of Roman Empire.

18. He made the Greek town Byzantium the new capital and renamed it Constantinople.He made the Greek town Byzantium the new capital and renamed it Constantinople. Romulus Augustus was the last emperor of the Roman Empire.Romulus Augustus was the last emperor of the Roman Empire. Over the last few years Barbarians kept attacking and invading Roman territories.Over the last few years Barbarians kept attacking and invading Roman territories. Rome fell in 476ADRome fell in 476AD

19. After the Roman Empire The leader of the united German tribes, assumes the title of king of Rome. After 476 CE, there are no Roman Emperors occupying the West at all.476 CE