2. Preventing Drug Abuse Chapter 21

3. Legal and Illegal Drugs Drug use is part of life in the United States Drug use is part of life in the United States At one point in our lives all of us have taken some sort of prescription or nonprescription drug At one point in our lives all of us have taken some sort of prescription or nonprescription drug What is the difference between the two? What is the difference between the two? Prescription drugs must be obtained through a written prescription from a physician and can be purchased only at a pharmacy Prescription drugs must be obtained through a written prescription from a physician and can be purchased only at a pharmacy

4. Legal and Illegal Drugs OVER THE COUNTER DRUGS are purchased legally in pharmacies and other stores that sell medicine without a prescription OVER THE COUNTER DRUGS are purchased legally in pharmacies and other stores that sell medicine without a prescription These include pain relievers such as aspirin, sleep aides, cold and cough medicine etc. These include pain relievers such as aspirin, sleep aides, cold and cough medicine etc. *** Prescription and over the counter drugs are legal HOWEVER illegal drugs are chemicals that are unlawful because they are dangerous and often unpredictable effects outweigh and useful purposes the drug may have *** Prescription and over the counter drugs are legal HOWEVER illegal drugs are chemicals that are unlawful because they are dangerous and often unpredictable effects outweigh and useful purposes the drug may have

5. This is the improper use of drugs This is the improper use of drugs Can prescription drugs or over the counter be misused? Can prescription drugs or over the counter be misused? How?????? How?????? Drug abuse occurs when people intentionally misuse any kinds of drugs for non-medical purposes. Drug abuse occurs when people intentionally misuse any kinds of drugs for non-medical purposes. http://abcnews.go.com/video/playerIndex?i d=9353086 http://abcnews.go.com/video/playerIndex?i d=9353086 http://abcnews.go.com/video/playerIndex?i d=9353086 http://abcnews.go.com/video/playerIndex?i d=9353086

6. Drug Misuses http://abcnews.go.com/video/playerIndex?i d=7949101 http://abcnews.go.com/video/playerIndex?i d=7949101 http://abcnews.go.com/video/playerIndex?i d=7949101 http://abcnews.go.com/video/playerIndex?i d=7949101

7. Celebrity Prescription Overdoses Celebrity Prescription Overdoses

8. Marilyn Monroe -Sleeping Medication

9. Elvis Presley – Sleep Aides

10. Anna Nicole Smith – Anti Depressant and Sleep Aides

11. Heath Ledger – Pain killers & Anti- Anxiety Medication

12. Chris Penn – antihistamine & pain killers

13. Psychoactive Drugs These are chemicals that affect the activity of brain cells to alter perception, thought, and mood These are chemicals that affect the activity of brain cells to alter perception, thought, and mood These include stimulants, depressants, hallucinogens, inhalants, alcohol, and chemicals found in marijuana These include stimulants, depressants, hallucinogens, inhalants, alcohol, and chemicals found in marijuana * these are also called mood altering drugs * these are also called mood altering drugs Some of these drugs have a positive medical benefit when used correctly Some of these drugs have a positive medical benefit when used correctly

14. Side Effects What a drug does to your body is called DRUG’S ACTION What a drug does to your body is called DRUG’S ACTION What you feel or the physical and mental response to the drug’s action is known as the DRUG’S EFFECT What you feel or the physical and mental response to the drug’s action is known as the DRUG’S EFFECT The drug’s effect is what makes you feel better when it comes to controlled substance The drug’s effect is what makes you feel better when it comes to controlled substance

15. Side Effects SIDE EFFECTS are unwanted, even dangerous, physical and mental effects caused by a drug, such as nauseam dizziness, or drowsiness SIDE EFFECTS are unwanted, even dangerous, physical and mental effects caused by a drug, such as nauseam dizziness, or drowsiness Side effects can occur with any drugs Side effects can occur with any drugs When a drug is repeated used, the body may develop a resistance or tolerance to the drug When a drug is repeated used, the body may develop a resistance or tolerance to the drug

16. Side Effects TOLERANCE causes a user to need increasingly larger amount of the drug t achieve the desired effect. TOLERANCE causes a user to need increasingly larger amount of the drug t achieve the desired effect. OVERDOSE is a serious reaction to an excessive amount of a drug. OVERDOSE is a serious reaction to an excessive amount of a drug.

17. Commonly Abused Drugs

18. Depressants These are psychoactive drugs that slow down brain and body reactions These are psychoactive drugs that slow down brain and body reactions They slow down heart rates, breathing rates, blood pressure, relax muscles and relieve tension They slow down heart rates, breathing rates, blood pressure, relax muscles and relieve tension Sedatives, anti-anxiety and narcotics are types of depressants Sedatives, anti-anxiety and narcotics are types of depressants

19. Sedatives and Anti-Anxiety Drugs SEDATIVES are depressants that relax a person and induce sleep SEDATIVES are depressants that relax a person and induce sleep A BARBITURATE is a type of sedative ( relax a person) in small doses, in high doses they induce sleep A BARBITURATE is a type of sedative ( relax a person) in small doses, in high doses they induce sleep Some barbiturates are used to treat those who suffer from seizures Some barbiturates are used to treat those who suffer from seizures

20. Barbiturate Are incredibly addictive Are incredibly addictive Abusers usually develop a tolerance very quickly Abusers usually develop a tolerance very quickly Barbiturate abusers do everything slowly, walk, slur speech, and even react slowly to their environment Barbiturate abusers do everything slowly, walk, slur speech, and even react slowly to their environment

21. Anti-Anxiety Drugs Are also known as tranquilizers Are also known as tranquilizers They slow down nerve activity, lower alertness, relax muscle tension They slow down nerve activity, lower alertness, relax muscle tension Examples: lexapro, xanax, prozac, cymbalta, paxil, klonopin, valium, zoloft Examples: lexapro, xanax, prozac, cymbalta, paxil, klonopin, valium, zoloft

22. Narcotics

23. Narcotics A NARCOTIC is an addictive drug that alters mood and behavior, reduces pain, and induces sleep and stupor A NARCOTIC is an addictive drug that alters mood and behavior, reduces pain, and induces sleep and stupor This is chemically similar to opium This is chemically similar to opium OPIUM is a drug from the seed of a poppy plant OPIUM is a drug from the seed of a poppy plant * Morphine and codeine ( pain killers) are natural compounds that are contained in opium * Morphine and codeine ( pain killers) are natural compounds that are contained in opium

24. Heroin Is one of the most frequently abused narcotics in the United States Is one of the most frequently abused narcotics in the United States This is usually injected and is created from morphine in a lab This is usually injected and is created from morphine in a lab Users usually ignore pain and fear and seemed to be dazed Users usually ignore pain and fear and seemed to be dazed Addiction begins after only a few uses Addiction begins after only a few uses withdrawal symptoms include sweating, shaking, chills, nausea, and cramps withdrawal symptoms include sweating, shaking, chills, nausea, and cramps

25. Heroin Heroin addicts are at risk for overdose, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B, depression, coma Heroin addicts are at risk for overdose, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B, depression, coma Dealings “ cut” or dilute heroin with additives, such as laxatives, sugar and even rat poison! Dealings “ cut” or dilute heroin with additives, such as laxatives, sugar and even rat poison!

26. Stimulants These are drugs that speed up the activities of the central nervous system These are drugs that speed up the activities of the central nervous system They increase heart rates, blood pressure and breathing They increase heart rates, blood pressure and breathing Amphetamines and cocaine are both stimulants Amphetamines and cocaine are both stimulants

27. Amphetamines These are artificially made stimulants These are artificially made stimulants It is a prescription drug that are often sold illegally It is a prescription drug that are often sold illegally It gives feeling of well being and high energy, once the effects wear off the user is left feeling depressed It gives feeling of well being and high energy, once the effects wear off the user is left feeling depressed this causes the user to take more and begins the vicious cycle of abuse this causes the user to take more and begins the vicious cycle of abuse

28. Cocaine Short acting stimulant that affects the nervous system Short acting stimulant that affects the nervous system This is often sniffed into the user’s nose or injected in blood stream This is often sniffed into the user’s nose or injected in blood stream Cocaine is highly addictive Cocaine is highly addictive User’s “ crash” when they come down from the drug meaning they get depressed User’s “ crash” when they come down from the drug meaning they get depressed Cocaine can induce seizure, heart failure and respiratory failure Cocaine can induce seizure, heart failure and respiratory failure

29. Crack Crack is when individuals’ “ free base” cocaine Crack is when individuals’ “ free base” cocaine This is burning the substance and inhaling the fumes This is burning the substance and inhaling the fumes Because this is so potent it has SHORT but powerful effects ( these effects occur within 8 seconds of being smoked) Because this is so potent it has SHORT but powerful effects ( these effects occur within 8 seconds of being smoked)

32. Hallucinogens Psychoactive drugs that alter perception, thought, and mood Psychoactive drugs that alter perception, thought, and mood They are illegal and have no medical use They are illegal and have no medical use

33. LSD Strongest known hallucinogen known as lysergic acid diethylamide Strongest known hallucinogen known as lysergic acid diethylamide Their effects are unpredictable, they can either stimulate or depress the central nervous system Their effects are unpredictable, they can either stimulate or depress the central nervous system LSD can lead to frightening episodes of “ bad trips”, users become so frightened they fear they are in real danger LSD can lead to frightening episodes of “ bad trips”, users become so frightened they fear they are in real danger