1. Chapter 7

2. Section 1

3. Nationalities in Class  Total Students:  Figure out %  Create a graph that represents nationalities  Title  Axis labels  Figures for each section of graph  Color it in!  http://www.mathsisfun.c om/data/pie-charts.html http://www.mathsisfun.c om/data/pie-charts.html

4. 1. Irish 2. Italian 3. German 4. French 5. Polish 6. Mexican 7. Japanese 8. Chinese 9. Other

5. Italy Austria-Hungary Russia escape religious persecution Overpopulated Find good jobs and farmland freer lives China Japan make money seek fortunes obtain better paying jobs Mexico Jamaica Cuba Puerto Rico West Indies (islands) find work lived in territories taken over by U.S. flee political turmoil

6. 1.List basic objects you see? Do they symbolize anything? 2.What people/groups do you see? Who are they or who do they represent? 3.How is the Statue of Liberty portrayed? Why do you think that is? 4.What writing is in the cartoon? What does it say? 5.What is the title? 6.Explain the message of the cartoon. 7.How do you think the illustrator viewed immigration? “Dumping European Garbage” Judge magazine, 1890

7. NATIVE-BORNNEW IMMIGRANTS

8.  Rise of nativism (overt favoritism towards native- born Americans)  “right countries” (anglo- saxon; Germanic; historically progressive and energetic)  “wrong countries” (slav, latin, asian, historically downtrodden and stagnant)  Religious objections  Roman Catholics  Jews

9.  Chinese Exclusion Act – banned entry to all Chinese except students, teachers, merchants, tourists, and gov. officials for ten years.  Extended ten additional years  Extended indefinately  Repealed in 1943  Gentlemen’s Agreement – Japan limit emigration of unskilled workers in exchange for U.S. repealing San Francisco segregation laws.

10. The PeopleWhy was each group drawn to cities in the Northeast and Midwest? 1.Immigrants 2.Farmers 3.African Americans

11. Urban Problems Causes: Rapid population increase Low wages

15. Section 3

16.  Gilded Age – a period of greed and self-indulgence  Rapid growth with inefficient government  Social Darwinism  Vulnerable to the political machines

17. Political Machines Local Precinct Captains In charge of a city block Try to gain votes/support for the party (Often 1 st or 2 nd generation immigrants – related to other immigrants) worked with the bosses to elect certain candidates Ward Bosses secure votes in all precincts in a ward (electoral district) helped the poor and immigrants to gain their votes (doing favors or providing services such as naturalization for immigrants) worked with the bosses to elect certain candidates City Boss controlled the activities of the political party throughout the city worked with wards and captains to elect certain candidates Controlled access to municipal jobs and business licenses influenced the courts and municipal agencies influenced by money or votes

18.  Political machines often committed fraud  Once won, they would take advantage of graft opportunities and kick backs  Tammany Hall – NYC’s Democratic party political machine  William “Boss” Tweed and his ring used schemes to gain money  Thomas Nast – political cartoonist who helped arouse suspicion.

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24. Chapter 8 Section 3

25. VOTING RESTRICTIONSFORMAL RESTRICTIONS  Literacy Test  Poll tax  Grandfather clause  Jim Crow Laws  Public Segregation  Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)  Separate but equal  Brown v. Board of Education

26. INFORMAL RESTRICTIONS  Racial etiquette  Violence  Burning  Lynching  Job discrimination

27. Strange Fruit

29.  How many Supreme Court justices? _____  How do they become justices? ______________  How long do they serve? _________________  Supreme Court Case terms:  Plaintiff – a person/group who is challenging the lower courts’ decisions  Defense – person/group/law being challenged or accused  Majority opinion – summary of the decision by the court  Dissent – summary of the opinions of the judges who voted against the majority

31.  The New Immigrants (7-1 worksheet)  Immigration Webquest  How the other Half Lives (7-2 worksheet)  Boss Tweed (7-3 worksheet)  Segregation and discrimination worksheet (8-3)  Political Cartoon Analysis worksheet