1. Berlin Wall Hain Moon

2. Reasons for Building the Berlin Wall + The United States, Great Britain, France and the Soviet Union divided Germany into four zones, and was controlled by these four countries. +Berlin was also divided by these four countries. + U.S was democratic and soviet Union was communist. +They got a fight because they wanted to have own opinion about the government. +Many people moved to U.S side of Berlin to live better life. =Soviet Union made this wall for trapping people.

3. Impact on Germany and its People -Escape from east side wall- 10,000 people tried to escape & 5,000 people made it. *Unique situation. One woman hid under the hood of a car. Two families floated over the border in a hot-air balloon as big as a four-story house. 2,000 soldiers fled to west. *Others had to do hard work Digging the holes for six month. Giving their lives ex)18-year-old bricklayer Peter Fechter tried to go over the wall on Aug. 17, 1962, he tried to jump the barbed wire near Checkpoint Charlie, a key border crossing between the American and Soviet sectors of Berlin. However he was shot by a east Berlin solider. Peter Fechter

4. Night Crossing The movie of two families floated over the border in a hot- air balloon as big as a four-story house to run away from east side of Berlin. It was successful.

5. Impact on Germany and its people-2 -People were separated with their relatives. People hold their babies to show to relatives. -Draw scenes and slogans on the wall. -Political rallies and concerts in front of it. -East people heard Radio Free Europe, Radio in the American Sector, the British Broadcasting Corporation and West German stations to learn about west side of Berlin.

6. Countries that were involved *West side. (U.S.) United kingdom (Ireland) Austria Switzerland France Spain/Portugal Canada Scandinavia Italy =most of them were allies and now turn out to be NATO *East side (U.S.S.R.) Poland Germany Czechoslovakia Rumania Yugoslavia Hungary Bulgaria = Most of them were Axis and now turn out to be Warsaw pact

7. Stalin, Churchill &Truman Iron curtain In 1946, Winston Churchill, had a speech at Westminster College in Fulton Mo. At this speech, he talk about a term called “Iron Curtain”. The Iron Curtain can mean the Berlin wall, but it actually means about general closing off of Soviet satellite countries in Eastern Europe. Churchill: "An Iron Curtain has descended across the continent. Behind that line lie all of the capitals of the ancient states of central and eastern Europe... all these famous cities and the populations around lie in the Soviet sphere and all are subject... to a very high and increasing measure of control from Moscow."

8. Role of NATO in cold war NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) : A alliance established by the signing of the north Atlantic Treaty on 4 April 1949. Cold war was a conflict between democratic and communist countries. NATO was a organization for helping each other who was part of the democratic. EX) Lend &lease Because of this, U.S.S.R also made organization called Warsaw pact. The U.S (democratic) and U.S.S.R (communist) became more competitive. The flag of NATO

9. Fall of wall Mass demonstrations against the government in East Germany began in October 1989. they were of people wanting to leave to the West, chanting "Wir wollen raus!" ("We want out!"). Then protestors began to chant "Wir bleiben hier", ("We're staying here!"). This was the start of what East Germans generally call the "Peaceful Revolution" of late 1989. Günter Schabowski, the East German Minister of Propaganda, had the task of announcing this; however he had been on vacation prior to this decision and had not been fully updated. However, nobody had informed Schabowski. He read the note out loud at the end of the conference and when asked when the regulations would come into effect, he assumed it would be the same day based on the wording of the note and replied "As far as I know effective immediately, without delay".

10. sites http://en.wikipedia.org/‌. 13 Apr. 2008. http://en.wikipedia.org/‌. 13 Apr. 2008. http://en.wikipedia.org/‌wiki/‌Berlin_Wall. 11 Apr. 2008. http://en.wikipedia.org/‌wiki/‌NATO. 13 Apr. 2008. http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/‌index.cfm. 11 Apr. 2008. http://www.berlinermauer.se/‌BerlinWall/‌. 11 Apr. 2008. http://www.newseum.org/‌. 11 Apr. 2008. www.newseum.org/‌berlinwall/‌. 13 Apr. 2008. http://en.wikipedia.org. 16 Apr. 2008.