1. Global History: Spiconardi
The Schism of 1054
Global History: Spiconardi

2. Origins
Iconoclasm  Pope Gregory speaks out against Byzantine Empire’s iconoclast movement
Western culture was evolving  Influence from Germanic tribes
Eastern culture retained its Hellenistic and Greco-Roman culture

3. Origins Papacy vs. Secularism
Secularism  belief that religion should not enter into the functions of the state
The East believed the pope claimed to have too much jurisdiction
West took issue with Caesaropapism  subordination of the church to secular rulers

4. Origins
The Filoque  Churches debated on the origin of the Holy Spirit

5. The Issues Roman Catholic Eastern Orthodox Mass said in Latin
Pope has authority over all bishops & secular leaders
Priests may not marry
Divorce is not permitted
Mass said in Greek or vernacular
Patriarchs and other bishops head the church as a group
The emperor has authority over the patriarchs and bishops
Priests may marry
Divorce permitted under certain conditions

6. The Issues Unleavened or leavened bread? Eastern Rite Communion Bread
Western Rite Communion Wafers

7. The Schism of 1054 (The Great Schism)
In 1054 Pope Leo IX and the Patriarch (head bishop) of Constantinople excommunicated one another after emissaries could not reconcile during meetings
Excommunication  depriving a member of the church the benefits and privileges of membership
Pope Leo IX

8. The Schism of 1054 (The Great Schism)
The excommunications were void
Pope Leo IX died before he officially served the excommunication
Patriarch Michael Cerularius had no authority to excommunicate

9. The Schism of 1054 (The Great Schism)
Christendom splits into the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church
Catholic  “universal”
Orthodox  “right belief”
Today the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Church are meeting in hopes of one day unifying the Church