1. Intro to the Early Industrial Revolution 1793-1850
How do inventions and technology impact people’s lives in positive, negative, and unexpected ways?
Why did major aspects of the Industrial Revolution begin in the North, as opposed to the South?
How did life change from people living on a farm, when most goods were grown by or made by hand, to getting goods from a factory and living in a city?
How did the Industrial Revolution both strengthen and weaken the nation? What conflicts arose as Industrial Revolution ‘gained steam’?
How do inventions and technology impact people’s lives in positive, negative and unexpected ways?
How did workers attempt to improve their working conditions and assert their own power? To what extent were they successful?
What was the difference in the vision and reality of life for the Lowell Mill girls?
What was life like for African Americans and new immigrants in this rapidly industrializing North?

2. Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution: a time of dramatic change from late 1700s to mid-1800s,
where production transitioned from hand tools and handmade items
Industrial – machines, technology
Revolution: drastic change/overthrow
to products which were mass produced by machines,
where goods became more widely available,
and where/how people lived is dramatically altered.

3. Where did it start? Why? Expanding Empire & Economy Location!
Agriculture Revolution
Stable Economy & Government
Technology Advancements
Location Coal, Coal, Iron
Empire: Carribean and Dutch colonies in Africa
Agriculture: seed drill, crop rotation, enclosement system = babies, less need for workers, growth to cities
-R. Arkwright-1770 Factory (Central power source, one roof, division of labor)
1760s James Hargreaves Spinning Jenny
-Monarch and Parliament –Checks and Balances government… not the French Rev.
= Britain became 200X more inefficient than they were in 1780

6. Influences of the Industrial Revolution

7. Inventions and Innovations
Influences of the Industrial Revolution
Labor/
Immigration
Inventions and Innovations
Use of Land/Need for Land
Changes the way people make $$
Urbanization

8. Inventions and Innovations
Influences of the Industrial Revolution
Inventions and Innovations
Labor/Immigration
Changes/Affects:
who is working – how work is done by people vs. machines
speed – time it takes
capacity – how much can get done
Change the way people make $$
Urbanization
Use of Land/Need for Land

9. Spinning Wheel -- created in 1200s, largely unchanged for centuries
Key Issue: How to Spin cleaned cotton or wool into thread
Early 18th century
China, 13th century
Early 17th century
Spinning Wheel -- created in 1200s, largely unchanged for centuries

10. Key Invention B: Spinning Jennies
What can it do faster?
How does capacity change?
Sam Slater- went to England, apprentice of Richard Awkwright memorized the mills…. Brought the ideas over, spinning jenny and the factory system

11. Key Issue: This is all done using what for energy?

12. Key Inventions C: Water Power!
Water Powered Carding Mill
Water Powered Saw Mill
Water Powered Jenny
Faster: more efficient use of energy…
Able to power more… machines
Saw mill
What can these do faster?
How does capacity change?

13. Key Invention D: The Water Powered Loom
The next major invention was water powered looms. They allowed workers spin more thread into cloth by using water power to spin the looms. These machines were big, powerful, and expensive as well.
Faster:
sped up the time it took to weave cloth
Capacity
Weavers actually able to weave all the thread produced by the Jennies
Faster: sped up the time it took to weave cloth
Capacity: Weavers actually able to weave all the thread produced by the Jennies
What are the goods and bads of this invention for workers? For owners?

14. Why? Transportation & Energy!
What resources are valued?
Water!!!
Unanticipated Result of Technological Change #2: Factories become a major source of Jobs
Why? Transportation & Energy!

15. Inventions and Innovations
Influences of the Industrial Revolution
Inventions and Innovations
Labor/Immigration
Use of Land/Need for Land
Change the way people make $$
Changes/Affects:
How land is used
Value of land based on location/natural resources
Desire for more land as capacity grows
Urbanization

16. Why the North? Powerful Rivers (New England) Coal and Steel Resources
(In Pennsylvania)
for STEAM ENGINES
Ports for shipping overseas
Water Power needs powerful rivers that are rocky. Most mills in New England were located on 3 rivers: the Merrimack, Connecticut and Blackstone River
**Transition from wooded mills powered by water… to mills powered more by coal and the need for steel made steam engines

17. Inventions and Innovations
Influences of the Industrial Revolution
Inventions and Innovations
Labor/Immigration
Changes/Affects:
who is working – how work is done by people vs. machines
speed – time it takes
capacity – how much can get done
Changes/Affects:
Who is the ideal worker?
What groups of people migrate to industrial areas
Change the way people make $$
Use of Land/Need for Land
Urbanization
Doing one piece of the job, exact same thing every day
Owners building/designing factory/town to help make $$
Changes/Affects:
How land is used
Value of land based on location/natural resources
Desire for more land as capacity grows
Changes/Affects:
Where people live
How people live

18. From this…. To this…. URBANIZATION…. (creation of cities)
Positive Effects:
-better transportation (roads, railroads, steamboats)
-greater access to goods
-more work opportunity for men and women

19. Urbanization (creation of cities) Negative Effects
-Crowded living conditions
-spread of disease
-more abuse of workers
-Racism and Sexism
-Child Labor

20. Inventions and Innovations
Influences of the Industrial Revolution
Inventions and Innovations
Labor/Immigration
Change the Way People Make $$
Use of Land/Need for Land
Urbanization
Doing one piece of the job, exact same thing every day
Owners building/designing factory/town to help make $$

21. Interchangeable Parts
standard parts of equipment that can be used to build new tools or machines
Examples
How did the idea of interchangeable parts show up in the simulation? Positive or negative?
Ex Lowell Mill Girls
1800 gun making

22. Inventions and Innovations
Influences of the Industrial Revolution
Inventions and Innovations
Labor/Immigration
Changes/Affects:
Who is the ideal worker?
What groups of people migrate to industrial areas
Use of Land/Need for Land
Ways people make $$
Urbanization

23. Labor/Immirgration Who is ideal worker? Why Immigrate ? Which groups
 unskilled, cheap,
 women and young children
Why Immigrate ?
1840s : more work, cheaper transportation, more economic opportunity
 Which groups
Irish: Escape Famine
Germans: escape political revolution
1880s –Germans made up 20% the population
-1814 Irish immigrants recruited to build the Erie Canal… 1845 Potato blight strikes main food source

24. Rhode Island Mill System: Sam Slater
Read over your section once
Then go back and underline key parts based on your groups question
Write notes in the margins to help explain the answer

25. Group 1: Read paragraph #1 of “Role of the Mill Village”
-How did the Mill owners recruit workers?
-Where did Mill Workers live?
Group 2: Read Paragraph #2,#3, #4 of Role of Mill Village
-Describe the typical worker?
-Why were these workers valued?
Group 3: Read Paragraph 1-2 “Wages and Working Conditions”
-Describe how the Mill Owners had power over the workers
-Define Credit System

26. Group #4 Read Paragraph #4 and 5 of “Wages and Working Conditions” -How did the credit system work? -Was the credit system fair? Why or why not? Group #5 Read Paragraph #6 and #7 of Wages and Working Conditions -How did owners control the day to day lives of mill workers -Did the mill owners value education? Why or why not?

27. The Slater “Hustle”:
Factory Owners
Company Store
Mill Workers

28. In order to understand how the Industrial Revolution really took off in the early 1800s, we need to start with…
RHODE ISLAND, of course!
And, a man by the name of Samuel Slater.

29. Draw a line across your paper and title: Slater’s First Mill
Imagine you are Samuel Slater, a young man who has traveled from England, with the goal of opening the first water-powered mill in the US.
You’ve been apprenticing in England, under Richard Archwright, the creator of water-powered mill technology
You want to move to US, build the country’s first water-powered textile mill.
You secretly copy the blueprints for the technology, and sew them into your coat and travel to the New England in 1791.
You meet up with some investors and create a plan for building the water-powered textile mill.

30. Take out a new piece of lined paper, and title it: Slater’s First Mill
Writing in complete sentences, so you know what question you are answering:
Where do you put your factory?
Who works there? How do you encourage them to work for you? How do you encourage them to stay?
How will you watch over the workers to make sure they are doing their job correctly?
How can you make as much money as you can?

31. Clothing Revolution:
Many inventions that mean clothes are made in bulk (mass production) in factories and bought at a store
Instead of by hand

32. Charlie Chaplin’s View…”Modern Times”
In this Unit…we will look at the good, the bad, the unexpected
At the end-you will write a paper :)

33. Inventions and Innovations
Influences of the Industrial Revolution
Inventions and Innovations
Labor/Immigration
Changes/Affects:
who is working – how work is done by people vs. machines
speed – time it takes
capacity – how much can get done
Changes/Affects:
Who is the ideal worker?
What groups of people migrate to industrial areas
Use of Land/Need for Land
Ways people make $$
Changes/Affects:
How land is used
Value of land based on location/natural resources
Desire for more land as capacity grows
Changes/Affects:
How business leaders create companies
Desire to make large profits vs. need for work force
Urbanization
Changes/Affects:
Where people live
How people live

34. Intro to the Early Industrial Revolution 1793-1850
How do inventions and technology impact people’s lives in positive, negative, and unexpected ways?
Why did major aspects of the Industrial Revolution begin in the North, as opposed to the South?
How did life change from people living on a farm, when most goods were grown by or made by hand, to getting goods from a factory and living in a city?
How did the Industrial Revolution both strengthen and weaken the nation? What conflicts arose as Industrial Revolution ‘gained steam’?
How do inventions and technology impact people’s lives in positive, negative and unexpected ways?
How did workers attempt to improve their working conditions and assert their own power? To what extent were they successful?
What was the difference in the vision and reality of life for the Lowell Mill girls?
What was life like for African Americans and new immigrants in this rapidly industrializing North?