1. The Industrial Revolution
Setting the Scene
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2. The Industrial Revolution
Setting the Scene
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3. The Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution Begins
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4. The Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution Begins
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The Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution Begins
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What was the Industrial Revolution?
A change or revolution in the way goods are produced. Machines replaced hand tools, new sources of power such as water and steam replaced human and animal power, the economy slowly shifted from farming to manufacturing, and many people moved from rural to urban areas.

5. The Industrial Revolution
New Technology
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It all started with clothes…
In the mid 1700s, British inventors designed machines to speed up the process of making textiles or cloth.

6. The Industrial Revolution Making TEXTILES (Cloth)
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3 basic steps to make cloth, 4 steps to make clothes.
 Clean the cotton
 Spin the cotton into thread
 Weave the thread into cloth
 Sew the cloth into clothes

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Cotton
has little seeds inside of it...

8. The Industrial Revolution
New Technology
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 Clean the cotton
OLD WAY NEW WAY
clean the cotton by hand Cotton Gin

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New Technology
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THE COTTON GIN
Eli Whitney helped design the Cotton Gin.

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The Industrial Revolution
New Technology

11. The Industrial Revolution
New Technology
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 Spin the cotton into thread
OLD WAY NEW WAY
hand spinning, The Spinning Jenny
the spinning wheel

12. The Industrial Revolution
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 Spin the cotton into thread
Hand Spun

13. The Industrial Revolution
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 Spin the cotton into thread
The Spinning Wheel

14. The Industrial Revolution
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 Spin the cotton into thread
The Spinning Jenny
Invented by
James Hargreaves
in Britain in 1764

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 Weave the thread into cloth
OLD WAY NEW WAY
hand loom power loom

16. The Industrial Revolution
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 Weave the thread into cloth
Hand weaving / Hand Loom

17. The Industrial Revolution
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 Weave the thread into cloth
Power loom
Invented by
Edmund Cartwright
in the 1780s.

18. The Industrial Revolution
New Technology
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 Weave the thread into cloth
Power loom

19. The Industrial Revolution
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 Weave the thread into cloth
Power loom

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New Technology
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 Sew the cloth into clothes
OLD WAY NEW WAY
hand sewing sewing machine

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 Sew the cloth into clothes
Hand Sewing

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 Sew the cloth into clothes
Sewing Machines

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The Industrial Revolution
New Technology

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New Technology
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Factory System = Bring the workers, machinery, and raw materials together in one place to make a finished product.

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The Industrial Revolution
The Factory System

26. Pg.331 The Industrial Revolution The Factory System Chapter 11
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Capital / Money
Workers
Machines
Capitalist / entrepreneur
Power
(water, animal, human)
A factory building (usually large)

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The Factory System
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At first, most factories used water power to run the machines. This is called a MILL.

28. Pg.336

29. The Industrial Revolution
The Factory System
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You can use a river or waterfall to create power to run machines using a water wheel.

30. The Industrial Revolution
The Factory System
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You can use a river or waterfall to create power to run machines using a water wheel.

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The Industrial Revolution
The Factory System

32. Two types - Overshot & Undershot… gravity fed or force fed.
The Industrial Revolution
The Factory System
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Two types - Overshot & Undershot…
gravity fed or force fed.

33. The Industrial Revolution A Revolution Crosses the Atlantic
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Inventors in Britain developed many of the new machines and ideas in the textile industry and the government wanted to keep the ideas secret and only in Britain.

34. The Industrial Revolution A Revolution Crosses the Atlantic
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Samuel Slater

35. The Industrial Revolution A Revolution Crosses the Atlantic
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Samuel Slater

36. The Industrial Revolution A Revolution Crosses the Atlantic
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But, Samuel Slater figured out a way around that and brought the ideas to America.
Samuel Slater

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The Industrial Revolution
A Revolution Crosses the Atlantic

38. The Industrial Revolution A Revolution Crosses the Atlantic
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Pawtucket, Rhode Island - First successful textile mill in America was built and run by Samuel Slater.

39. The Industrial Revolution
Other Types of Mills
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Textile Mill
Makes cloth out of cotton.

40. The Industrial Revolution
Other Types of Mills
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Saw Mill
Makes lumber out of trees.

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Other Types of Mills
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Saw Mill
Makes lumber out of trees.

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Other Types of Mills
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Old Way
New Way
Saw Mill
Cut using a hand saw

43. The Industrial Revolution
Other Types of Mills
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Grist Mill
Grinds up grains like wheat to make flour.
Grind Stones

44. The Industrial Revolution
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Other Types of Mills
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New Way
Old Way
Grind grains by hand
Grist Mill

45. The Industrial Revolution Interchangeable Parts
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The Industrial Revolution
Interchangeable Parts

46. The Industrial Revolution Interchangeable Parts
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The Industrial Revolution
Interchangeable Parts

47. The Industrial Revolution Interchangeable Parts
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Eli Whitney developed the idea of interchangeable parts for manufacturing. It started with guns, but spread to other items and eventually also to parts for machines.
Eli Whitney

48. The Industrial Revolution Interchangeable Parts
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Eli figured out all of the parts need to make a rifle, then designed and built machines to make each part.

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The Industrial Revolution

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The Industrial Revolution

51. The Industrial Revolution
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Lowell, Massachusetts: A Model Factory Town
The Lowell Mills

52. The Industrial Revolution Lowell, Massachusetts: A Model Factory Town
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A factory town is one where the company that owns the factory builds houses for the workers to rent and stores for the workers to shop at so that the company makes money back from the workers after paying them.

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The Industrial Revolution

54. The Industrial Revolution
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Lowell, Massachusetts: A Model Factory Town
The Lowell Mills

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Lowell, Massachusetts: A Model Factory Town
The Lowell Mills did give some girls (women) the chance to feel a sense of worth and independence by allowing them to earn their own money. The girls that went to work at the mill became known as “Lowell Girls”.

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The Industrial Revolution

57. The Industrial Revolution
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Daily Life During the Industrial Revolution
Child Labor

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Daily Life During the Industrial Revolution
Child Labor

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Daily Life During the Industrial Revolution
Child Labor

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Daily Life During the Industrial Revolution

61. The Industrial Revolution
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Daily Life During the Industrial Revolution
Long Hours
Average work day in early factories was 12 hours a day, 6 days a week for a total of 72 hours a week.
Average work day today is 8 hours a day, 5 days a week for a total of only 40 hours a week.

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Daily Life During the Industrial Revolution

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Daily Life During the Industrial Revolution

64. The Industrial Revolution
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Daily Life During the Industrial Revolution
Growing Cities
Urbanization = the movement of a large population of people
from farms into cities.

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The Industrial Revolution
Growing Cities

66. Hazards Pg.335 The Industrial Revolution Growing Cities Chapter 11
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Growing Cities
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Hazards
Muddy roads - bumpy, ruts, and you can get stuck.
Garbage in the streets.
Bacteria and diseases like cholera and influenza spread quickly.
Wild hogs wandering eating waste.

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The Industrial Revolution
Growing Cities

68. The Industrial Revolution
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Growing Cities
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Attractions
Theaters and plays
The Circus
Fashion