1. WHEN did the Industrial Revolution come to the U.S. ?
Industry and Inventions 5W & H Using the provided reading, answer the following in complete sentences:
WHO first began “producing goods through new methods” in the early 1700’s?
WHAT is the name for the “historic change” from “farms to work in the mills” ?
WHEN did the Industrial Revolution come to the U.S. ?
WHERE did the Industrial Revolution first begin in the United States?
WHY was the Industrial Revolution so successful in the region it first came to? (Hint: There are 3 main reasons)
HOW were mill owners able to get people to leave their farms to work in the cities?

2. Industry and Inventions Compass Points
Needs- What needs did the U.S. have during the early 1800's that the Industrial Revolution filled?
Excitements- What groups were most likely excited about the economic changes brought on by the Industrial Revolution?
Stance- How did Madison's past political stance (asking Congress for a declaration of war) act as a cause of the Industrial Revolution?
Worries- What group had good reason to worry about the possible economic and environmental effects of the Industrial Revolution?

3. Early Industry and Inventions
Manufacturing, Transportation, Communication, and Farming

4. Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution- a major change in the American economy due to the introduction of power-driven machinery during the late 18th century
Factory machines replaced hand tools
Manufacturing replaced farming as the main source of work
Before this, most manufacturing was done in the home
Cottage industry: Farm families produced what they needed
In the 1700’s, Britain jumped ahead of the U.S. in industrial production with the steam engine
Britain carefully guarded their secret
Turn and Talk- Why do you think they would do this?

5. Industry Begins in the U.S.
1789- Samuel Slater came to the U.S. from Britain
Brought plans for a water powered textile mill
Progress was slow until the Embargo Act of 1807 and the War of 1812
How did these events help increase manufacturing?

6. Factory System
Factory system- brought workers and machines together under one roof
Moved from an agricultural society to one focused on industrialization
Development of industry (processing raw materials to manufacture goods) on a large scale
This change was not always for the better
In what ways would industrialization be negative? Think of your city during the Urban Game…

7. New England was a good place to set up factories
Had many fast-moving rivers
Ships and ports for quick transport of goods
Willing labor force

8. The Lowell Mills Hire Women
1813: Francis Cabot Lowell built a factory in Massachusetts
Spun cotton into yarn and wove the cotton into cloth
“Lowell Girls” lived in boardinghouses supervised by older women
Strict rules
Forced church attendance
Worked over 12 hours a day in extremely loud factories

9. Interchangeable Parts
Interchangeable Parts- Identical parts that can be substituted in the manufacture or repair of a product
Invented by Eli Whitney
First created for muskets for the U.S. military
Factories began producing matching parts to many products
Sped up production, made repairs easier, and allowed the use of lower-paid, less skilled workers

10. The Cotton Gin Eli Whitney also invented the cotton gin
The gin took the seeds out of the cotton, which was much faster than doing it by hand
From 1 to 50 lbs per day
Resulted in cotton as a viable cash crop
Increased the need for more land and slaves

11. Steamboat
Some inventions increased production (cotton gin, interchangeable parts) while others improved transportation and communication
1807- Robert Fulton designed a steamboat that could move against the current and the wind
Clermont
Created more opportunities for trade and transportation on rivers

12. The Telegraph 1837- invented by Samuel Morse
Sent long and short pulses of electricity along a wire
Took only seconds to communicate with another city
Both the steamboat and telegraph brought the people of the nation closer to each other