1. Agenda – 10/22 Share about our weeks off! 4 weeks until Thanksgiving!
9 weeks until Winter Break!
Hand out a bunch of things, talk about some housekeeping stuff
Intro the Postclassical Era, talk about Hinduism and Buddhism

2. Housekeeping Maps Calendar Unit 3 overview
Edit: add MAP DUE and MAP TEST on 12/13
Quiz that was originally on 11/2 is moved to 11/1 – notes also due then
For your no homework days on the 15th and 16th  write “ch 7 guided notes”
Calendar
Unit 3 overview

3. UNIT 3: THE POSTCLASSICAL ERA
“Regional and Transregional Interactions”

4. The Postclassical Era This unit is broken up into two sections:
Africa and Asia – leading up to Thanksgiving (4 weeks)
Europe – after Thanksgiving (2.5 weeks)
We’re hopping around a lot with the reading – it’s imperative that you stay on top of it this quarter
No unit test – it will be the final
Major grades: in-class essay and DBQ project
Why? They facilitate trade, and trade is so important in this unit!

5. Postclassical Civilizations

6. The Postclassical Era Empires split into smaller political units
And they fought. A lot. Because they’re not united.
Peak of influence of nomadic groups
Why?
Belief systems as unifying forces (“glue”… we get it, Ethel.) – people are more loyal to their belief systems than their governments
Why? They facilitate trade, and trade is so important in this unit!

7. Let me lecture through parts of chapter 4!
WORLD BELIEF SYSTEMS
Let me lecture through parts of chapter 4!

8. Quick discussion: What do you remember about India/the Indus Valley?
INDIAN BELIEF SYSTEMS
Quick discussion: What do you remember about India/the Indus Valley?

9. TIMELINE 3300 BCE INDUS VALLEY CIV REGIONAL KINGDOMS MAURYAN EMPIRE
1500
500
324
272
158
1300
320
550
INDUS VALLEY CIV
REGIONAL KINGDOMS
MAURYAN EMPIRE
REGIONAL KINGDOMS
GUPTA EMPIRE
Aryan invasion; Hinduism
Buddhism established
Ashoka and Buddhism in India

10. ARYAN migration
1500 BCE, Indo-Europeans settle into India

11. Hinduism Began in India c.1500 BCE Polytheistic? Monistic?
One universal creator – Brahman
Exists in many different forms
Vishnu, Shiva
Sacred Texts
Vedas, Bhagvad Gita, Upanishads
Shiva, the Destroyer

12. Hinduism Rat Temple! Personal worship of specific gods –
Do not worship as a congregation of people
Rat Temple!
Shiva, the Destroyer

14. Hinduism All part of one being – atman as the inner soul
Nothing is ever completely destroyed until Shiva destroys humanity
 reincarnation
Vegetarians (mostly)
Shiva, the Destroyer

15. ORGANIZATION OF SOCIETY
Caste system – social organization based on heredity
And, originally, color of skin
You are born into your caste

16. HINDUISM – MAJOR BELIEFS
KARMA: if you do good things, good things will happen to you; if you do bad things, bad things will happen to you

17. HINDUISM – MAJOR BELIEFS
DHARMA: fulfilling your castely duty
If you’re a Brahmin, you’re a priest

18. HINDUISM – MAJOR BELIEFS
SAMSARA:
Circle of birth, life, death, and rebirth

19. HINDUISM – MAJOR BELIEFS
MOKSHA:
Release from samsara (the circle of birth, life, death, and rebirth)
United with the divine

20. HINDUISM – SOCIAL IMPACTS
Predict:
What are the social impacts of Hinduism?

21. HINDUISM – SOCIAL IMPACTS
Predict:
Who will like Hinduism?
Who won’t?

22. ENTER: SIDDHARTHA GAUTAMA
Born into a Brahmin family
Super wealthy
Wanted to find more in life, escaped his palace
Realizes all life is suffering
Seeks to find a solution to suffering  reaches enlightenment
Spends rest of life preaching his message

23. BUDDHIST TEACHINGS The Four Noble Truths All life is suffering
Suffering is caused by desire
To stop suffering, stop desiring
You stop desiring by following the Eightfold Path
right view, right intention, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration.

24. Teachings of the Buddha
Influenced by Hinduism:
Karma
Samsara
State of release from samsara
Called “nirvana”

25. Unique to Buddhism Denies relevance of gods
Some forms of Buddhism acknowledge a deity
Denies importance of worship/sacrifice
Denies caste system
Promotes equality

26. SOCIAL AND POLITICAL EFFECTS
Indian Emperor Asoka ( BCE) converts to Buddhism (from Hinduism) as a result of a his conquering of India
Puts power of the throne into spreading Buddhism
Spreads it throughout India and Asia
No deity – can be practiced alongside other belief systems

27. SOCIAL EFFECTS Buddhists live life free of material possessions
Then – what’s the deal with the fat happy Buddha?

28. SOCIAL EFFECTS
SYNCRETISM!! As religions spread, they adopt customs of local cultures.

29. Spread of Buddhism & Asoka

30. SOCIAL AND POLITICAL EFFECTS
During the Gupta Empire (after Maurya), India converts back to Hinduism
Why?