1. Conflicts Over Land Chapter 12 Lesson 2
Essential Question: What are the consequences when cultures interact?
Learning Goal: Students will be able to identify the Native Americans’ point of view about their removal to Indian Territory, assess the impact of the policy of removal of the Native Americans to Indian Territory, and describe the Seminoles’ response to to removal and how it differed from the responses of other Native American groups.

2. Removing Native Americans
The main tribes in the southeast were known as the “Five Civilized Tribes”
Cherokee
Creek
Chickasaw
Choctaw
Seminole
Considered civilized because they had developed successful farming communities.

3. Removing Native Americans
Some Americans did not believe in Native Americans having rights
Many Americans wanted Natives moved west of the Mississippi River

4. The Indian Removal Act 1830: Jackson pushes the act through Congress
Paid tribes to move west
1834: Congress established the Indian Territory
Mostly in Oklahoma VIDEO

6. The Indian Removal Act Video Cherokee were forced out of Georgia
Georgia laws kept whites and Indians from doing business and they wanted them removed
US Supreme Court (Worcester v. Georgia) says Georgia cannot do this
Jackson ignored the Supreme Court
Cherokee were forced out of Georgia
Video

7. The Indian Removal Act
1832: Sauk chief led a group back to Illinois to recapture their lands
Illinois State militia gather a force of 4,500
Chased Sauk and Fox tribes to the Mississippi River where they slaughtered most of the Natives Americans on their way into present-day Iowa
Black Hawk story

8. The Trail of Tears 1835: 500 Cherokee sign the Treaty of Echota
Agreed to leave by 1838
The Cherokee Chief, Henry Clay, and Daniel Webster did not agree with the treaty, but it was approved
1838: 2,000 Cherokee moved west while 7,000 troops were sent to force the remaining Cherokee out of Georgia.

9. The Trail of Tears
June-December 1838: Cherokee from NC, GA, AL, & TN all leave
Most were not prepared for the forced removal
Illness broke out in camps
Around 2,000 Cherokee died
Suffered with starvation, bad weather
Caused the deaths of 2,000 more Cherokee
About a quarter of the Cherokee population was dead at the end of relocation

11. The Trail of Tears

12. Exit Card:
Describe the Indian Removal Act and why it was so controversial.

13. Seminole Wars
Seminoles in Florida were the only tribe to successfully resist removal
Osceola lead the fight to stay
1835: US Army arrives in Florida
Lead by Major Francis Dade
Dec. Army is attacked by Seminoles in Central Florida

14. Seminole Wars
: War costs US $20 million and the lives of 1,500
Seminoles who were captured were moved west.
1858: Remaining Seminoles fled to the Everglades where the US would leave them alone

15. Life in the West for Native Americans
Native Americans had given up more than 100 million acres of land
They lived in organized reservations based on tribes in the Indian Territory
Five Civilized Tribes developed their own constitutions and governments, farms and schools

16. Exit Card
How did the Indian Removal Act affect the Five Civilized Tribes?