1. The Rise and Spread of Islam

2. The Rise and Spread of Islam
Time period:
622-present
Location:
Arabian Peninsula
Founder:
Mohamed
Holy Book:
Quran –written in Arabic

3. Words to Know Islam submission to god Muslim person who follows Islam
Allah
god in Arabic
Mosque
Muslim place of worship

4. Mohamed/Muhammad Mecca= busy trading city on the Arabian Peninsula
founder of Islam
570-Born in the city of Mecca
Mecca= busy trading city on the Arabian Peninsula
successful businessman who led camel caravans along Arabian trade routes

5. Muslim trade routes connected Asia with the Mediterranean world
Muslim trade routes connected Asia with the Mediterranean world. As they traveled, traders spread Muslim culture to Europe via the Levant, Sicily, and Spain. In Asia, they penetrated as far as China and India and journeyed over the ancient Silk Road. Muslim traders also traveled across northern Africa as far as Timbuktu.

10. Mohamed/Muhammad
had visions of the Angel Gabriel, who told him to recite the word of god
Mohamed’s teachings were collected and written in the Quran

11. Mohamed/Muhammad 622-forced to leave Mecca for the city of Medina
this move is called the hejira
he created the first Islamic city-state in Medina
630 -returned and invaded Mecca
632 -death of Mohamed

12. Beliefs/Traditions Five Pillars of Islam
These are the main religious duties of Muslims
There will definitely be a question on the Regents about the 5 Pillars, so you better know them!

13. Five Pillars of Islam Shadah belief in one god Salat
prayer 5 times a day
Siyam
to fast from sunrise to sunset during the holy month of Ramadan

14. Five Pillars of Islam Zakat giving to charity and the poor every year
Hajj
pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca in Saudi Arabia once in a Muslim’s life

15. Spread of Islam Following the death of Mohamed … North Africa
Islam experienced rapid expansion in Afro Eurasia - CONQUEST
North Africa
Muslim armies marched across Western Europe (WE) until they were defeated in France, Battle of Tours, 732
By the 1400’s, Muslim Empire extended from Spain to India

17. Rapid Expansion of the Islamic Empire , 7th-8th C
636-Damascus became capital city (Middle East-ME)
638-Jerusalem (ME)
640-Cyprus (ME)
640-Alexandria,Egypt (Africa-AF)
670-Muslim blockade of Constantinople (Eastern Europe-EE)

18. Rapid Expansion of the Islamic Empire , 7th-8th C
697-Carthage (AF)
711-Toledo, capital of Spain (WE)
718- all of Spain (WE)
732-southern France until defeated at Battle of Tours (WE)

19. Umayyad Dynasty 661-750 Capital city at Damascus (Syria, SWA)
Arabic became language of many conquered people and helped unify them under Islam
camel and horse cavalries were faster than traditional armies; empire expanded quickly

21. Umayyad Dynasty
How did the Ummayads treat the people they conquered?
allowed people to follow own belief systems and culture
non-Muslims sometimes paid higher taxes
Jews and Christians held important gov’t. positions
many people converted to Islam in the late 8th century

22. Umayyad Dynasty
For several centuries, most people in the Islamic Empire were neither Muslim or Arab.
Cross regional and cultural exchange occurred for many years among Christians, Jews, Muslims and polytheistic people.

23. Answer the following question:
How did the religion of Islam spread around the world?