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Bell Ringer What were some of the reasons Great Britain was able to birth the Industrial Revolution?
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Chapter 9.2 Industrialization: Case Study of Manchester
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Goals and Objectives Upon completion students should be able to:
Describe the social and economic effects of industrialization Evaluate the growing tensions between middle and working classes. Identify positive effects of the Industrial Revolution. Describe Manchester as an industrial city.
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Industrialization changes life
Factories pay more than farms. This led to the demand for more expensive goods
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Industrial Cities Rise
Urbanization-The rise of population and movement of people leading to the growth of cities Growing population provided workforce and market for factory goods.
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British Industrial cities:
The most industrialized cities were London, Birmingham, Manchester, Liverpool
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Living Conditions Sickness widespread; epidemics, like cholera, sweep urban slums Life span in one large city is only 17 years Wealthy Merchants, factory owners live in luxurious suburban homes.
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Conditions in urban cities
Rapidly growing cities lacked sanitary conditions or building codes Cities also lacked adequate housing, education, police and fire protection.
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Working Conditions Average working day 14 hours for 6 days a week, year round Dirty, poorly lit factories injure workers Many coal miners killed by coal dust Women and children were often exploited in work places. Children as young as 6 work in factories; many are injured 1819 Factory Act restricts working age, hours Pollution becomes a major issue.
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The Working Class Laborers’ lives not improved;
some laborers replaced by machines Luddites, other groups destroyed machinery that puts them out of work Unemployment a serious problem; unemployed riot
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Positives of the industrial revolution
Created jobs, enriches nation, encourages technological progress Education expands, clothing cheaper, diet and housing improve Workers eventually won shorter hours, better wages and conditions
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Long-Term Effects Improved living and working conditions still present today Governments use increased tax revenues for urban improvements The rise of labor unions
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