1. Basic Poetic Vocabulary

2. 5 Basic Categories Structure Comparison Word Order Poetic Style
Miscellaneous

3. Structure
Structure
Stanza: a group of lines forming a cohesive thought/idea
Line: a horizontal row of words, which may or may not form a complete sentence
Rhythm: pattern of sound created by the arrangement of stressed & unstressed syllables.
Meter: regular pattern of (un)stressed syllables
Foot: basic unit of measurement

4. Structure cont.
Refrain: a group of repeated words or lines; also called a chorus
Couplet: 2 rhyming lines
Quatrain: 4 lines with a rhyme scheme
Blank verse: contains no rhyme
Free Verse: contains no meter or rhyme

5. Comparison Analogy: A comparison of dissimilar things or ideas
Simile: uses the words “like” or “as” to compare to dissimilar things
Metaphor: compares 2 or more different things by stating or implying that one thing is another.
Personification: gives human characteristics to an animal, object or idea.
Double Entendre: a word or phrase with multiple meanings

6. Examples Analogy: When life gives you lemons, make lemonade.
Simile: My cold was like the plague.
Metaphor: The sky is melting.
Personification: The humble dog sat patiently.
Double Entendre: She’s on fire tonight.

7. Word Order Repetition of Sound Patterns
Alliteration: consonant sounds at the beginnings of words
Consonance: consonant sounds within or at the ends of words
Assonance: vowels within non-rhyming words
Sibilance: hissing sounds
Rhyme: repetition of the same stressed vowel sound and any succeeding sounds in 2+ words
Rhyme scheme: pattern of rhyme formed by the end rhyme
Internal rhyme: occurs within lines of poetry
End rhyme: occurs at the ends of lines
Inversion: word order is played with to fit a rhyme scheme or place stress in a different place

8. Examples Alliteration: a dark drum in the desert
Consonance: harder, better, faster, stronger
Assonance: sitting in this stick pile
Sibilance: she sells seashells
Internal rhyme: the park is dark
End rhyme: We go to the store/to buy some more
Inversion: “Your father he is.” - Yoda

9. Poetic Styles Acrostic Ballad Elegy Epic
First letter of lines spell a hidden message
Ballad
Song with a dramatic conclusion; often sad
Elegy
Written in response to a death
Epic
Long narrative telling the story of
a hero

10. Poetic Styles Haiku Limerick Pastoral Sonnet 5-7-5 form
Nature is a common theme
Limerick
Nonsense, children’s rhyme
5 lines; aabba rhyme scheme
Pastoral
Nature is a central theme
Sonnet
14 lines
Iambic pentameter

11. Miscellaneous Speaker Imagery Figure of Speech Onomatopoeia
the voice that communicates with the reader
can be a person, place, animal, or a thing
Imagery
descriptive language used to represent objects, feelings, and thoughts
often appeals to one, or more, of the 5 senses
Figure of Speech
word or expression not meant to be taken literally
Onomatopoeia
word or phrase that imitates a sound.

12. Group Work Pair up with 2 o’clock partner Inversion Figure of Speech
Create examples of these 5 poetic terms
Inversion
Figure of Speech
Consonance
Personification
Simile