1. Carbohydrates
(„Carbs“)

2. Types of Carbs Monosaccharides – e.g.: Glucose,,fructose
Disaccharides – e.g.: Maltose, sucrose, lactose
Polysaccharides – e.g.: Starch, glycogen, chitin

3. Glucose C6H12O6 A Monosaccharide (single, basic sugar molecule)
Water soluable, sweet flavour

4. Sucrose
Two basic sugar molecules joined together (Glucose + Fructose) -> A disaccharide
Water soluable, tastes sweet

5. Starch A large number of glucose molecules joined together
Found in plant cells (produced in chloroplasts after photosynthesis)s
Two types: water insoluble and water soluble, does not taste sweet

6. Energy Carbs are needed for energy 1 gram = 17kJ
The carbohydrate used in cell respiration is glucose
Glucose is found in blood plasma, which is transported to the cells
Plants store carbs if form of starch, animals store carbs in form of glycogen

7. Food Carbs are mostly found in plant based food
Plants produce their own carbs (through photosynthesis)
Typical sources are fruits, vegetables, grains as well as anything with added sugar