2. Warm-Up Question You are a food scientist and it is your job to determine if there is sugar and starch in a new drink. How would you test to see if the product contains sugar? Starch? Write your answer in a sentence starting with the phrase: “If I were a food scientist in charge of testing a new drink…”

3. CARBOHYDRATES

4. Carbohydrates: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen CHO

5. Carbohydrates Small sugar molecules large starch molecules Small sugar molecules to large starch molecules. Used for Energy Some provide structure

6. Carbohydrates Monosaccharide: one sugar unit Examples:glucose ( Examples:glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) is blood sugar deoxyribose in DNA fructose is fruit sugar galactose is milk sugar glucose

7. Different Forms of Glucose

8. Disaccharide: two sugar unit Examples: –Maltose (glucose+glucose) in malt –Sucrose (glucose+fructose) is sugar –Lactose (glucose+galactose) in milk glucoseglucose

9. Polysaccharide: many sugar units Examples: starch (rice, potatoes, cereal) glycogen (starch in the liver) cellulose (lettuce, wood, fiber) glucoseglucose glucoseglucose glucoseglucose glucoseglucose cellulose

10. Starch Consists of glucose subunits Plant energy storage molecule Starch can be digested by animals.

11. Cellulose Composed of glucose subunits Different bond formed than starch Structural component in plants Cannot be digested by animals

12. Chitin Glucose subunits Composes exoskeletons of insects and fungi Contains Nitrogen.

13. Glycogen: Humans and other mammals make a special form of carbohydrate in their liver.

14. Glycogen can be broken down into glucose for cellular energy.

15. Three Monosaccharides C 6 H 12 O 6

19. Dehydration Synthesis Sugars bond together to make disaccharides and polysaccharides. Water is removed.

20. How Disaccharides form:

21. Hydrolysis: Water is added to split sugars apart.