1. Carbohydrates Elements: C,H,O in 1:2:1 ratio
Generally in the shape of a hexagon or pentagon
Monomer: Monosaccharide (simple sugars - glucose)
Polymers:
Disaccharide – 2 monosaccharides (complex sugars - sucrose)
Polysaccharide – many monosaccharides (starch, cellulose)
Names end in –ose
Ose= sugar
Sacchar = sugar

2. Monosaccharides Use: quick energy
Foods: fruits (Fructose), candy (glucose), milk (Galactose)
Produced: process of photosynthesis in the organelle chloroplast
Your brain runs on glucose!

3. Simple sugar foods

4. Disaccharides
Use: quick energy
Foods: Table sugar (sucrose)
Malt sugar (maltose - forms from breakdown of starches including grains)
Milk sugar (lactose – think lactose intolerant)
Produced by plants storing products of photosynthesis process carried out in the chloroplast – think maple syrup

5. Simple sugar foods

6. Polysaccharides
Uses: quick energy, (but more stable to store than glucose) and structure (cell walls of plants made of cellulose)
Foods: Potatoes, bread, pasta (starch), Bran Fiber (cellulose indigestible for humans)
Produced by the liver from excess blood sugar and made by plants into cell walls from glucose made during photosynthesis by the chloroplast

7. Starchy foods
Carbohydrates are digested in the mouth and small intestine using amylase.
Amyl = starch
Ase = enzyme (break down)

8. Construct a Carbohydrate
With a partner use marshmallows and toothpicks to construct the following molecules:
Monosaccharide
Disaccharide
Polysaccharide (4 glucoses long)
You must have me check each molecule before moving on.