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2. Section 1: Exchange with the Environment Section 2: Cell Energy
Module C: Chapter 2
The Cell in Action
Section 1: Exchange with the Environment
Section 2: Cell Energy
Section 3: The Cell Cycle
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3. Exchange with the Environment
Section 1
Exchange with the Environment
Bellringer
Which of the following best describes a living cell:
a) building block
b) a living organism
c) a complex factory
d) all of the above
Write a paragraph in your science journal defending your choice.
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4. Exchange with the Environment
Section 1
Exchange with the Environment
Objectives
Explain the process of diffusion.
Describe how osmosis occurs.
Compare passive transport with active transport.
Explain how large particles get into and out of cells.
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5. Exchange with the Environment
Section 1
Exchange with the Environment
What Is Diffusion?
Diffusion of Water The diffusion of water through cell membranes is so important to life processes that it has been given a special name—osmosis.
The Cell and Osmosis Osmosis is important to cell functions. For example, red blood cells are surrounded by plasma. Plasma is made up of water, salts, sugars, and other particles. The concentration of these particles is kept in balance by osmosis.
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6. Exchange with the Environment
Section 1
Exchange with the Environment
Moving Small Particles
Passive Transport The movement of particles across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell is called passive transport.
Active Transport A process of transporting particles that requires the cell to use energy is called active transport. Active and passive transport are shown on the next slide.
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7. Passive and Active Transport
Section 1
Passive and Active Transport
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8. Moving Large Particles
Section 1
The Diversity of Cells
Moving Large Particles
Endocytosis The active-transport process by which a cell surrounds a large particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell is called endocytosis.
Exocytosis When a large particle leaves the cell, the cell uses an active-transport process called exocytosis.
Exocytosis and endocytosis are shown on the next slide.
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9. Endocytosis and Exocytosis
Section 1
Endocytosis and Exocytosis
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10. Cell Energy Bellringer Section 2
Make a list of all the different types of cells that you can think of and the jobs they do. Then make a list of all the reasons that a cell needs energy.
Write your answers in your science journal.
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11. Cell Energy Objectives Section 2
Describe photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
Compare cellular respiration with fermentation.
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12. Cell Energy From Sun to Cell Section 2
What Is Photosynthesis? Plants capture energy from the sun and change it into food through a process called photosynthesis.
Chlorophyll Plant cells have molecules that absorb light energy. These molecules are called pigments. Chlorophyll the main pigment used in photosynthesis, gives plants their green color. Chlorophyll is found in chloroplasts.
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13. Getting Energy from Food
Section 2
Cell Energy
Getting Energy from Food
Cellular Respiration During cellular respiration, food (such as glucose) is broken down into carbon dioxide and water, and energy is released.
Connection Between Photosynthesis and Respiration During photosynthesis, cells take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen. During cellular respiration, cells use oxygen to break down glucose and release energy and carbon dioxide.
Fermentation When muscles can’t get the oxygen for cellular respiration, they use fermentation to get energy.
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14. The Cell Cycle Bellringer Section 3
Biology is the only science in which multiplication means the same thing as division—at least with regards to cells. Explain what is meant by this statement in your science journal.
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15. The Cell Cycle Objectives Section 3
Explain how cells produce more cells.
Describe the process of mitosis.
Explain how cell division differs in animals and plants.
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16. The Cell Cycle The Life of a Cell Section 3
Making More Prokaryotic Cells Cell division in bacteria is called binary fission, which means “ splitting into two parts.” Binary fission results in two cells that each contain one copy of the circle of DNA.
Eukaryotic Cells and Their DNA The chromosomes of eukaryotic cells contain more DNA than those of prokaryotic cells do.
Making More Eukaryotic Cells The cell cycle has three stages. In the first stage, the cell grows and copies its chromosomes. In the second stage, the chromatids separate. In the third stage, the cell splits into two.
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17. Mitosis and the Cell Cycle
Section 3
The Cell Cycle
Mitosis and the Cell Cycle
Mitosis Mitosis has four phases that include prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Cytokinesis The division of cytoplasm is called Cytokinesis.
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18. The Cell in Action Concept Map Chapter 4
Use the following terms to complete the concept map on the next slide: ATP, photosynthesis, oxygen, water, consumers, lactic acid, producers, respiration, energy.
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19. Chapter 4
Concept Map
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20. Chapter 4
Concept Map
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