2. Chapter 4 The Cell in Action

3. The movement of particles from an area where their concentration is high to an area where their concentration is low Click for Term

4. Diffusion The movement of particles from an area where their concentration is high to an area where their concentration is low Click for Term

5. The diffusion of water across a cell membrane Click for Term

6. Osmosis The diffusion of water across a cell membrane Click for Term

7. The diffusion of particles through proteins in the cell membranes from areas where the concentration of particles is high to areas where the concentration of particles is low Click for Term

8. Passive transport The diffusion of particles through proteins in the cell membranes from areas where the concentration of particles is high to areas where the concentration of particles is low Click for Term

9. The movement of particles through proteins in the cell membranes against the direction of diffusion; requires cells to use energy Click for Term

10. Active transport The movement of particles through proteins in the cell membranes against the direction of diffusion; requires cells to use energy Click for Term

11. The process in which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses it in a vesicle to bring it into the cell Click for Term

12. Endocytosis The process in which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses it in a vesicle to bring it into the cell Click for Term

13. The process used to remove large particles from a cell; during which a vesicle containing the particles fuses with the cell membrane Click for Term

14. Exocytosis The process used to remove large particles from a cell; during which a vesicle containing the particles fuses with the cell membrane Click for Term

15. The process by which plants capture light energy from the sun and convert it into sugar Click for Term

16. Photosynthesis The process by which plants capture light energy from the sun and convert it into sugar Click for Term

17. The process by of producing ATP from oxygen and glucose; releases carbon dioxide as a waste product Click for Term

18. Cellular respiration The process by of producing ATP from oxygen and glucose; releases carbon dioxide as a waste product Click for Term

19. The breakdown of sugars to make ATP in the absence of oxygen Click for Term

20. Fermentation The breakdown of sugars to make ATP in the absence of oxygen Click for Term

21. The life cycle of a cell; in eukaryotes it consists of chromosome duplication, mitosis and cytokinesis Click for Term

22. Cell Cycle The life cycle of a cell; in eukaryotes it consists of chromosome duplication, mitosis and cytokinesis Click for Term

23. Coiled structure of DNA and protein that forms in the cell nucleus during cell division Click for Term

24. Chromosome Coiled structure of DNA and protein that forms in the cell nucleus during cell division Click for Term

25. The simple cell division in which one cell splits into two; used by bacteria Click for Term

26. Binary Fission The simple cell division in which one cell splits into two; used by bacteria Click for Term

27. Chromosomes with matching information Click for Term

28. Homologous Chromosomes Chromosomes with matching information Click for Term

29. Identical copies of a chromosome Click for Term

30. Chromatids Identical copies of a chromosome Click for Term

31. The region that holds chromatids together when a chromosome is duplicated Click for Term

32. Centromere The region that holds chromatids together when a chromosome is duplicated Click for Term

33. Nuclear division in eukaryotic cells in which each cell receives a copy of the original chromosomes Click for Term

34. Mitosis Nuclear division in eukaryotic cells in which each cell receives a copy of the original chromosomes Click for Term

35. The process in which cytoplasm divides after mitosis Click for Term

36. Cytokinesis The process in which cytoplasm divides after mitosis Click for Term