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2. Section 1: Photosynthesis Section 2: Reproduction of Flowering Plants
Chapter 13
Plant Processes
Section 1: Photosynthesis
Section 2: Reproduction of Flowering Plants
Section 3: Plant Responses to the Environment
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3. Photosynthesis Bellringer Section 1
Where do you get the energy you need to stay alive? Where do the things you get your energy from get their energy? Is there an ultimate source of energy for all life on earth?
Write your response in your science journal.
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4. Photosynthesis Objectives Section 1 Describe photosynthesis.
Compare photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
Describe how gas is exchanged in the leaves of plants.
Describe two ways in which photosynthesis is important.
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5. Capturing Light Energy
Section 1
Photosynthesis
Capturing Light Energy
Chlorphyll Plant cells have organelles called chloroplasts. Inside the chloroplast, another membrane forms stacks called grana. Grana contain a green pigment, called chlorophyll, that absorbs light energy.
Making Sugar
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Glucose The light energy captured by chlorophyll is used to help form glucose molecules.
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6. Getting Energy from Sugar
Section 1
Photosynthesis
Getting Energy from Sugar
Energy for Life Processes Glucose molecules store energy. Plant cells use this energy for their life processes.
Gas Exchange
Stomata Carbon dioxide enters the plant’s leaves through stomata (singular, stoma). Gas exchange in leaves is illustrated in the next slide.
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7. Gas Exchange in Leaves Section 1
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8. The Importance of Photosynthesis
Section 1
Photosynthesis
The Importance of Photosynthesis
Base of the Food Chain Plants and other photosynthetic organisms, such as some bacteria and many protists, form the base of nearly all food chains on Earth.
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9. Reproduction of Flowing Plants
Section 2
Reproduction of Flowing Plants
Bellringer
What are pollination and fertilization? Draw a diagram in your science journal of a flowering plant’s reproductive system. Do you think there is a difference between male plants and female plants?
Write your answers in your science journal.
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10. Reproduction of Flowing Plants
Section 2
Reproduction of Flowing Plants
Objectives
Describe pollination and fertilization in flowering plants.
Explain how fruits and seeds are formed from flowers.
List three reasons why a seed might be dormant.
List three examples of asexual reproduction in plants.
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11. Reproduction of Flowing Plants
Section 2
Reproduction of Flowing Plants
Fertilization
Fertilization in Flowers In flowering plants, fertilization takes place within flowers. Pollination and fertilization are shown on the next slide.
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12. Pollination and Fertilization
Section 2
Pollination and Fertilization
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13. Reproduction of Flowing Plants
Section 2
Reproduction of Flowing Plants
From Flower to Fruit
Ovules and Ovaries After fertilization takes place, the ovule develops into a seed. The seed contains a tiny, undeveloped plant. The ovary surrounding the ovule becomes a fruit, as shown on next slide.
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14. Seed Production Section 2
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15. Reproduction of Flowing Plants
Section 2
Reproduction of Flowing Plants
From Seed to Plant
Sprouting When seeds are dropped or planted in a suitable environment, the seeds sprout. To sprout, most seeds need water, air, and warm temperatures.
Other Methods of Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction Some flowering plants can reproduce asexually through plantlets, tubers, and runners.
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16. Plant Responses to the Environment
Section 3
Plant Responses to the Environment
Bellringer
How does light affect the growth of plants? Does gravity affect plant growth? What other aspects of a plant's environment affect its growth? Do any of these same things affect your own growth and development?
Record your answers in your science journal.
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17. Plant Responses to the Environment
Section 3
Plant Responses to the Environment
Objectives
Describe how plants may respond to light and gravity.
Explain how some plants respond to night length.
Describe how some plants respond to the changes of season.
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18. Plant Responses to the Environment
Section 3
Plant Responses to the Environment
Plant Tropisms
Light The shoot of a plant’s tips bend toward the a source of light. Bending toward the light is a positive tropism. A change in the direction a plant grows that is caused by light is called phototropism.
Gravity Plant growth also changes in response to the direction of gravity. This change is called gravitropism.
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19. Plant Responses to the Environment
Section 3
Plant Responses to the Environment
Seasonal Responses
Length of Day As you will see on the next slide, the difference between day length and night length is an important environmental stimulus for many plants.
Seasons and Leaf Loss Deciduous trees lose all of their leaves around the same time each year.
Seasons and Leaf Color the leaves of deciduous trees may change color before they are lost. As fall approaches, green chlorophyll breaks down. Orange or yellow pigments in the leaves are then revealed.
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20. Night Length and Flower Color
Section 3
Night Length and Flower Color
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21. Plant Processes Concept Map Chapter 13
Use the following terms to complete the concept map on the next slide: evergreen, plants, stimulus, deciduous, gravitropism, phototropism, seasonal changes.
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22. Chapter 13
Concept Map
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23. Chapter 13
Concept Map
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