1. Toward Independence
Chapter 5

2. Section 2: Before 1763
Population went from 50, 000 to more than a million in a century.
People came because there was more freedom.

3. Conflict in the Ohio Valley
France built a fort in the valley called Fort Duquesne in what is now Pittsburgh
English (Virginia) fought them for the land
Militia – small army made of ordinary citizens available to fight
Led by George Washington

4. French and Indian War
British went to drive France our of the Ohio Valley for good
French had Indian Allies
War lasted 7 years
British won and was given Canada

5. Section 3: Proclamation of 1763
King George III said draw a line through the Appalachian Mnts, settlers on the east and Indians on the west.
Tyranny – unjust use of government power.
Problems:
No room to settle
People on both sides of the line already

6. The Stamp Act British had large debt from war
Required to buy a stamp for every piece of paper used
Parliament had no right to tax them because no representatives
“No taxation without representation!”
Act was repealed or cancelled

7. Questions What was the population increase in the first century?
Who fought in the French and Indian War?
Where was the French and Indian War fought?
When King George III split the Appalachian Mnts in half to divide the land what was this called?
What were the 2 problems with the plan?
What was the Stamp Act?

8. The Townshend Act Taxes on goods from England Act was cancelled
Samuel Adams led protest against Act
Citizens very upset boycotted ALL goods from Britain
Government got rid of taxes on everything except tea
Citizens still not satisfied

9. Boston Massacre
Small riot broke out, guns were fired, and citizens were killed
Mob formed and caused another man to die
John Adams (2nd President) put an end to fighting claimed the troops acted in self-defense

10. Boston Tea Party
Tea Act lowered the price of tea, but was still being taxed and people still upset
Citizens who protested dressed like Native Americans and threw tea overboard the delivery ships
Over 90, 000 pounds dumped in the sea

11. Questions What was the Townshend Act?
Who was involved in the Boston Massacre?
How did the colonists protest the tax on tea?
What was this protest called?

12. Intolerable Acts Closed harbor until all the tea was paid off
Massachusetts was firmly under British control
More soldiers were sent to control the city

13. Acts did not work
Colonists united and protested Britain even more
Colonists began to split their loyalty, half loyal and half not

14. First Continental Congress
Citizens from 12 colonies came together and wrote a letter of protest to King George
Militias formed called “minutemen” to enforce boycott
Intolerable Acts brought both sides to brink of war

15. Lexington and Concord
King George did not even respond, but instead was ready to fight
British soldiers came to fight at Lexington and won
Paul Revere – “The British are coming”
British moved to Concord to fight and lost
Citizens hid the guns and moved the gunpowder
Proved Americans were willing to fight and die for their rights

16. Questions What were the 3 Intolerable Acts?
Who were the group of men that wrote a letter to the King protesting the Intolerable Acts?
What did King George do in reply to the letter?
What did Americans prove in the end?