1. Review
In 1947, a famous leader said that _______ had fallen across the continent.
Who was the leader who said it?
an “Iron Curtain”
Winston Churchill

4. Yalta Conference March 1945

5. Yalta
At the Yalta Conference, Churchill, FDR, and Stalin agreed to do two things:
To divide Germany into 4 parts, occupied by each of the victorious countries
To hold “free and fair elections” in Poland and Eastern Europe

7. Division of Germany—
The 4 Occupation Zones

8. Soviet Takeover of Eastern Europe 1945-47

10. Soviet Takeover of Eastern Europe 1945-47

11. Civil War breaks out in Greece between communists and anti-communists.
Turkey under pressure from the USSR for land in the Dardanelles.

13. Truman Doctrine [1947]
Civil War in Greece.
Turkey under pressure from the USSR for land in the Dardanelles.
Truman Doctrine: “The U. S. should support free peoples throughout the world who are resisting takeovers by armed minorities or outside pressures…We must assist free peoples to work out their own destinies in their own way.”
The U.S. gave Greece & Turkey $400 million in economic & military aid & they stayed non-communist.

14. 1948: Conflict Over Berlin

15. Division of Germany—
The 4 Occupation Zones
Division of Berlin
Berlin
In 1948 Stalin decides to block all roads and trains leading into Berlin from the west.
So how do you get food, fuel, and clothing to 2 million people before they start dying off?

16. Options for the U.S.
Let the Soviets have Berlin and avoid possible WW3
Send in army and take over the road leading to Berlin and hope the Russians don’t want to start a war over this
Fly in supplies over Soviet airspace and hope the Russians don’t want to start a war over this
Berlin

17. Berlin Airlift 1948

20. Berlin Airlift 1948 Lasted 327 days
Planes took off & landed around the clock
One plane landed every 3 minutes
277,000 flights brought in 2.3 million tons of supplies: food, fuel, medicine
In May 1949 the Soviet Union lifted the blockade