1. THE PARTITION OF AFRICA
Chapter 9 Section 2

2. Africa in the Early 1800s Prior to colonization
Africa=3x size of Europe
Hundreds of languages
Varied governments
North AfricaOttoman Empire
West AfricaIslamic Crusades
East AfricaProfited from slave trade
Southern AfricaZulu influence

3. Discussion What does Africa look like today?
Discuss this with your neighbor

4. The Slave Trade 1800sEuropean nations began to outlaw
Freed slaves returned to Africa
Sierra Leone—West African colony for former slaves organized by the British
Liberia—Settled by U.S. slaves who returned

5. European Contact Explorers to interior Missionaries Mapped rivers
Catholic and Protestant
Built schools & medical clinics
Paternalistic view of Africa
What does this mean?

6. Paternalism
Paternalism=Westerners saw Africans as children in need of guidance
African cultures and religions were degraded
Urged Africans to reject own traditions

7. The Scramble for Colonies
King Leopold II of Belgium
Hired explorers to trade with African leaders
Wanted to civilize
Started the scramble for Africa
Germany, France and G.B. to come

8. Scramble for Colonies
Why might countries want to create colonies in Africa?
Discuss with your neighbor

9. The Berlin Conference
1884: In Berlin, Germany, European powers recognized Leopold’s claim to the Congo
Called for free trade in Congo and rivers
Europeans couldn’t claim a colony unless a government structure was in place
In 20 years, nearly all of Africa was colonized

10. Scramble for Colonies
What might have happened after European colonization in Africa?
Discuss with your neighbor

11. Horrors in the Congo Leopold exploited riches
Copper, rubber, and ivory
Brutalized villagers
Beaten or mutilated to work
Leopold to return personal colony to Belgium
1908 became the Belgium Congo
Still exploited

12. France in Africa France 1830s: Conquered Algeria
Tens of thousands of French dead in battle
More Algerian deaths
Late 1800s: Conquered Mediterranean into Tunisia and colonies in West and Central Africa

13. Great Britain in Africa
Heavy populated areas
Boer War ( )
Descendants of Dutch settlers settled in South Africa
Late 1800s discovered gold and diamonds in Boer lands Guerilla fighting
1910 set up South African government in place till 1993

14. Scramble for Africa

15. Spheres of Influence What is a sphere of influence?
Discuss with your neighbor

16. Africans Resist Western Domination
Ethiopia
Menelik II (king) had hired Europeans to modernize country and add schools
Had good weapons and army
Liberia