1. Geography
Of Colonial America

2. Lake George, New York in 1817
What are some general characteristics about early America based on this painting?
Around what geographic feature is this town situated? Why might this be?
Francis Guy, Carter’s Tavern at the Head of Lake George

3. Plantation South Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia
Featured wide coastal plain, wide rivers, and rich soil
1. particularly well-suited to tobacco farming.
a) Large plantations became economically more successful leading to self-sufficing economic units.
b) As indentured servants became harder to obtain (and retain), demand for slaves increased in colonies by 1776
2. Only children of planters were educated and higher education was only for those who could afford it.
3. Plantation owners became the leading economic, political, and social forces of the South. Democracy limited to wealthy landowners.

4. Middle Colonies New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware
1. Three large rivers (Hudson, Delaware, and Susquehanna) flowed north to south and served as trade paths. 2. Large numbers of immigrants a). Dutch in Hudson Valley b). Germans in Pennsylvania c). Scotch-Irish in Pennsylvania

5. New England New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut
1. 95% English immigrants, most from villages
2. Came in groups and settled in self-governing towns. New England town meeting as center of power at first, but shifted to selectmen in time.
3. Occupations included farming (scarce labor, tough conditions), fishing, and commerce
a) Shipbuilding became major supplement to fishing and trade
b) Slavery, rum and the triangular trade with West Indies and Africa brought economic wealth to New England
*** Maine was part of Massachusetts until 1820, when it became the 23rd state on March 15 under the Missouri Compromise.

6. Frontier Backcountry/Frontier— continually moving region: "The West."
1. Large families, exhausted soil encouraged westward movement
2. Religious dissenters, immigrants, and criminals all found "refuge" in the West.
3. Vigorous spirit of democracy and emphasis on individual freedom
a)Strenuous objection to any governmental interference in daily life
b) Anti-aristocratic tradition and resentment of urban areas

7. Native American Nations and Tribes
After the French and Indian War, the British allowed settlers to take Indian land without payments and built forts in violation of treaties with local tribes. This lead to a number of conflicts that resulted in the Native Americans being forced to accept continued colonial expansion.
The Iroquois Confederacy: This important confederacy of tribes in western New York and Pennsylvania was a major player in the Northeast.
The Shawnees were perhaps the most important tribe in the Ohio Valley region.
The Cherokee were a major native power in the Southeast. Their territory covered much of the Appalachians in North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and northern Georgia.
The Creeks were a tribal confederacy located in the Southeast, in parts of Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Tennessee.

8. See Textbook Map on page 67: 1) Label the 13 colonies on your map.
2) Color each of these a different color. Include a key:
New England, Middle, Southern, Frontier
3) Write in the names of these tribes in their approximate locations outside the borders of the colonies
Iroquois, Cherokee, Creek, Shawnee