1. The wonderful world of POETRY

2. Line- similar to a sentence in a paragraph
Poetry Terms
Line- similar to a sentence in a paragraph
Stanza- a formal division of lines in a poem, considered as a unit. Often stanzas are separated by spaces. (like a paragraph)

3. Meter-a poem’s rhythmical pattern determined by the number of stresses in each line. Each syllable gets its own stress or unstressed symbol. ( = unstressed = stressed symbols)
Iamb-a foot with one unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable
Rhythm-the pattern of beats, or stresses

4. Feet - stressed and unstressed symbols divided by vertical lines
Feet - stressed and unstressed symbols divided by vertical lines. 2 syllables per foot.
Lines are described in the number of feet that occur in them.

5. Types of Meter Dimeter: verse written in 2 foot lines. What do you say
Trimeter: verse written in 3 foot lines
I know not whom I meet
Tetrameter: verse written in 4 foot lines
I wandered lonely as a cloud
Pentameter: verse written in 5 foot lines
All losses are restored and sorrows end

6. Rhyme-the repetition of sounds at the end of words.
Rhyme scheme-a regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem indicated by using different letters for each new rhyme.
Column 1
Column 2
Column 3
Know
Same Me
Dough
Came
Name
You
Lame
Through
Tame
Perhaps
Bear
Traps
Black

7. Types of Poems – Fixed Form
Limerick – A humorous five line poem with a rhyme scheme of aabba. First, Second, and fifth lines have 9-10 syllables, and the 3rd and 4th lines have 5-6 syllables.
Haiku – three line poem that does NOT rhyme – 1st line has five syllables, 2nd line has seven syllables, and the third line has five syllables. They are often about nature.
Sonnet – A fourteen line lyric poem in iambic pentameter that has a rhyme scheme of ababcdcdefefgg.

8. Types of Poems – Non-Fixed Form
Free Verse – Poetry not written in a regular rhyming pattern or rhythm.
Narrative – poem that tells a story.
Lyrical – A poem that uses sound devices (alliteration, onomatopoeia, rhyme, rhythm…) to achieve a musical quality. It usually expresses the feelings of a lone speaker.

9. Types of Poems – Semi-Fixed Form
Ballad – a song like poem that tells a story often about adventure or romance. It has verses that are 4-6 lines and a refrain that is repeated.
Blank Verse – unrhymed poetry written in iambic pentameter. Shakespeare often used this in his plays.

10. Sound Devices Alliteration – repetition of initial consonant sounds
Ex. Suzy sells seashells at the seashore.
Assonance – repetition of vowel sounds.
Ex. How much would could a wood chuck, chuck…
Internal Rhyme – words rhyming within a line
Ex. The cat sat before he ate the rat.
Onomatopoeia – Use of words that imitate sounds
Ex. Bang, Swoosh, Snap, Crackle, Pop

11. Figurative vs. Literal Language
Literal Language – words follow their denotation or definition
Figurative Language – words mean something other than their denotation or dictionary definition
Give the figurative and literal meanings for the following sentences.
She is hot.
Stick your foot in your mouth.
Eat your words.

12. Types of Figurative Language
Metaphor – Comparison of two unlike things
Ex. Life is a highway.
Simile – Comparison of two unlike things using “like” or “as”
Ex. She is as sweet as candy.
Hyperbole – Extreme Exaggeration
Ex. I am so hungry that I could eat a horse.
Personification – Giving human characteristics to something not human
The wind sighed softly to itself.

13. Symbolism
In poetry words have deeper meaning than their literal dictionary definition. Oftentimes, one word or phrase can symbolize a concept or idea. The word stands for something more profound -- this is called symbolism.
Example:
Scales = Justice
Lion = Royalty or Courage