1. 13.1 Cultures Clash on the Prairies

2. The Great Plains

3. Native Americans of the Great Plains

4. Native Americans of the Great Plains
Nomadic
Buffalo was essential to their lives:
Food
Shelter
Clothing
Warfare
Culture

5. Cultural Interaction
The Spanish introduction of horses and guns into New Mexico, and by extension the Great Plains in the 16th & 17th century increased the nomadic behavior of indigenous people.
19th Century – the Louisiana Purchase and the Corps of Discovery meet Natives and explain the “New Great Father” & American settlers begin to push west.

6. U.S. Government & Great Plains Indian
The Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868
The Sioux agree to live on a reservation
Sitting Bull never signed the treaty
Reservation – land managed by Native Americans under the Indian Affairs Bureau

7. Indian Reservations

8. Custer’s Last Stand June, 1876 Little Big Horn, Montana Territory
U.S. 7th Cavalry, led by George A. Custer defeated/ “slaughtered” by Indian confederation (Cheyenne, Lakota, Arapaho)
The presence of Custer, Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull turned Little Big Horn into folklore

11. Dawes Act
1887 legislation – an attempt to “Americanize” Native Americans through the use of private property and boarding schools.
Land in exchange for farm equipment and money. Native Americans receive nothing in exchange for the land.

13. Buffalo Genocide
The U.S. Military targets the extinction of the Buffalo of the Great Plains.
1800 = 65 million = 1,000

14. Wounded Knee
The rise of the Ghost Dance among the Sioux results in the killing of Sitting Bull
U.S. Military (Custer’s 7th Cavalry) kill 300+ Sioux at Wounded Knee Creek, South Dakota