1. East Meets West
The Crusades

2. The Crusades: Causes European Expansionism
Agricultural advances increase food supply
Capture of major areas by Muslims

4. Call for a Crusade Urban II calls for Crusade, 1095 Objectives
Drive Turks from Anatolia
Provide occasion for healing Great Schism on Rome's terms
Capture Holy Land

5. Pope Urban II Preaching a Crusade

7. Major Events of Crusades
I Crusade
Achieves all major objectives in Holy Land
Turkish threat halted, though not eliminated

9. Major Events of Crusades
II Crusade,
Military failure, discredits Crusaders as military threat
III Crusade,
Well-known in literature
(Robin Hood)

10. Major Events of Crusades
IV Crusade,
Crusaders sack Constantinople, 1204
Chance to heal Great Schism utterly lost.

11. Crusades died out Lack of interest, rising European prosperity
Repeated military defeats
Discredited by "crusades" against Christians

12. Effects of Crusades Vast increase in culture for many Europeans.
Stimulated Mediterranean trade.
Led to development of banking techniques.
Rise of the use of coats of arms
Romantic and imaginative literature.

13. Effects of Crusades Knowledge introduced to Europe
Heavy stone masonry, construction of castles and stone churches.
Siege technology, tunneling, sapping.
Muslim minarets adopted as church spires
Weakening of nobility, rise of merchant classes
Europe was greatly influenced by the “East”, but had little to give in return.