1. Presentation Skills for Designers DN1641
Melvyn Chew
For slides and stuff go to:
Optional reference book: Speak 3 – Public Speaking by Verderber & Sellnow, Publisher: Cengage
Self-Directed Learning. 9 hours. See Schedule.

2. Presentation Skills for Designers DN1641
Introduction Presentation Skills
Audience Analysis
Adapting to Audience
Say it with Power
Writing your speech
Informative speech
Preparing Visual Aids
Pitching Your Idea
Presentation That Sells
Team Presentation

3. Self Directed Learning

4. Self Directed Learning

5. Presentation Skills for Designers DN1641
Your First Speech

6. Learning Outcomes
2-1 Describe the nature of public speaking apprehension.
2-2 Practice several public speaking apprehension management methods and techniques.
2-3 Identify the six steps in an effective speech action plan and use them to prepare and present a speech of self-introduction.

7. Public speaking Apprehension
The level of fear a person experiences when anticipating or actually speaking to an audience
Almost everyone feels apprehensive about speaking in public, but about 15 percent of us experience high levels of anxiety. Paradoxically, some degree of apprehension can make us better public speakers because it is an indication that we want to perform well.
The goal is not to eliminate nervousness about speaking, but to learn how to manage it.

8. Phases of Public Speaking
Learning Outcome 2-1
Phases of Public Speaking
Anticipation phase
anxiety we experience before giving the speech
Confrontation phase
surge of anxiety we feel as we begin speaking
Adaptation phase
period during which our anxiety level gradually decreases
Public speaking apprehension gradually decreases for most of us as we speak. It is normal to be nervous before you speak and, when understood and managed correctly, can result in a better speech than having no anxiety at all.

9. Phases of Public Speaking Apprehension
Most people pass through three phases as they deliver a speech.

10. Causes of Public Speaking Apprehension
Learning Outcome 2-2
Causes of Public Speaking Apprehension
Biologically based temperament
Previous experience
modeling/reinforcement
Level of skills
Some public speaking apprehension may be inborn. Speaking anxiety may also result from past negative experiences with public speaking. We sometimes model (imitate) behavior we have seen before, or past responses to our behavior reinforce (shape) our expectations about what will happen in the future. The lack of public presentation skills can also cause anxiety in many speakers.

11. Managing Public Speaking Apprehension
Learning Outcome 2-2
Managing Public Speaking Apprehension
General Methods
Communication orientation motivation (COM) methods
Visualization
Relaxation exercises
Systematic desensitization
Cognitive restructuring
These methods are targeted at reducing the apprehension that results from worrisome thoughts and negative self talk. COM techniques are designed by helping speakers adopt a “communication” rather than a “performance” orientation toward speeches.
Visualization reduces apprehension by helping speakers develop a mental picture of success. Relaxation exercises help speakers calm themselves before a speech. Systematic desensitization involves having people perform anxiety-causing actions while remaining relaxed.
Cognitive restructuring replaces negative self-talk with positive self-talk. Public speaking skills training is the systematic practice of public speaking skills. 11

12. Relaxation Techniques
Learning Outcome 2-2
Relaxation Techniques
Abdominal Breathing
Lie on the floor and place your hand on your abdomen. Consciously focus on filling your abdomen with air when you inhale by watching your hand rise. Then, as you release the air, watch your hand lower again.
Sighing
By sighing right before it is your turn to speak, you can release tension and lower your anxiety level, allowing the inevitable rush of adrenaline to work for you, not against you.
Once you teach your body to relax on command, you can call it to do so before beginning to give your speech. This allows the natural adrenaline rush you feel before speaking to work for you.

13. Relaxation Techniques
Learning Outcome 2-2
Relaxation Techniques
Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercise
Consciously tense and relax each of these muscle groups twice and then move on to the next group: hands, arms, shoulders, neck, lips, tongue, mouth, eyes and forehead, abdomen, back, midsection, thighs, stomach, calves, feet, and toes.
Once you teach your body to relax on command, you can call it to do so before beginning to give your speech. This allows the natural adrenaline rush you feel before speaking to work for you. 13

14. Negative Self-talk versus Positive Coping Statements
Learning Outcome 2-2
Negative Self-talk versus Positive Coping Statements
Negative
Self-Talk
Positive Coping Statements
I’m afraid I’ll stumble over my words and look foolish.
Even if I stumble, I will have succeeded as long as I get my message across.
I’m afraid everyone will be able to tell that I’m nervous.
They probably won’t be able to tell I’m nervous, but as long as I focus on getting my message across, that’s what matters.
Cognitive restructuring involves four steps: (1) identify your fears; (2) analyze how rational those fears are; (3) develop positive coping statements to replace each negative self-talk statement; (4) incorporate the positive statements into your life so that they are second nature.

15. Negative Self-talk versus Positive Coping Statements
Learning Outcome 2-2
Negative Self-talk versus Positive Coping Statements
Negative
Self-Talk
Positive Coping Statements
I’m afraid my voice will crack.
Even if my voice cracks, as long as I keep going and focus on getting my message across, I’ll succeed at what matters most.
I’m afraid I’ll sound boring.
I won’t sound boring if I focus on how important this message is to me and to my audience. I don’t have to do somersaults to keep the audience’s attention, because my topic is relevant to them.
Cognitive restructuring involves four steps: (1) identify your fears; (2) analyze how rational those fears are; (3) develop positive coping statements to replace each negative self-talk statement; (4) incorporate the positive statements into your life so that they are second nature.

16. Managing Public Speaking Apprehension
Learning Outcome 2-2
Managing Public Speaking Apprehension
Specific Techniques
Allow sufficient time to prepare.
Use presentational aids.
Practice your speech aloud.
Dress up.
Choose an appropriate time to speak.
Use positive self-talk.
Face the audience with confidence.
Focus on sharing your message.
Along with the general anxiety-reducing strategies discussed, these techniques can be used prior to delivering a speech in public.

17. Steps to Effective Speech Planning
Learning Outcome 2-3
Steps to Effective Speech Planning
Select a speech goal that is appropriate to the rhetorical situation.
Understand your audience and adapt to it.
Gather and evaluate information to use in the speech.
Organize and develop your ideas into a well-structured outline.
Choose, prepare, and use appropriate presentational aids.
Practice oral language and delivery style.
Your speech goal is a specific statement of what you want your audience to know, believe, or do. To arrive at an appropriate speech goal, you need to consider yourself as the speaker, the audience, and the occasion.
Audience adaptation is the process of tailoring your speech’s information to the needs, interests, and expectations of your listeners.
When you select a topic, you will usually need additional information (e.g., articles, interviews). Whatever sources you use, you will need to evaluate them and select the items you deem valid and truthful.
Organization involves identifying two to four main ideas, outlining the body of the speech, and preparing an effective introduction and conclusion. Presentational aids can also be used to enhance the message.
Finally, speakers must practice their speeches. Very few people can present speeches effectively without considerable practice.

18. ICA1 - 20m X-FACTOR ME! 12 May 2016
Select THREE X-factors about yourself.
Design & create ONE non-animated power point slide (e-poster) on these X-factors. Use pictures, photos, logos, cartoons, words etc to get message across. Be creative.
Give a formal, TWO-THREE minute presentation on YOU using this slide as a visual aid.
You must be captivating, logical, coherent/ imaginative.
Presentations to be memorized. No Note cards/scripts.
Dress code: business formal.

19. ICA2 – 30m My Favourite Designer/Artist 2 June 2016
Select a favourite artist/designer.
Research their work (especially any signature work that readily identifies its creator), background, philosophy, techniques.
Include your reasons for selecting this person.
Conduct a 4 -5 minute informative presentation.
Use visual aids effectively.

20. ICA2 – 30m My Favourite Designer/Artist 2 June 2016
Include a reference list i.e. where you got your information and pictures from etc
Presentations must be memorized, and note cards or scripts are not to be used.
Prepare for Q&A
Submit slides handouts on day of presentation: 6-slides per page, black & white, print on both sides of paper
Dress code: business formal.

21. ICA 1 +2. Marking Criteria. Content and Organisation
Content is well packaged and interesting for the audience.
The points are organised in a logical sequence.
Main points are well supported with explanations/examples, etc.
Smooth transition from point to point.

22. ICA 1 +2. Marking Criteria. 4. Use of Visual Aids
Excellent use of graphics and design. Items are clearly relevant to topic.

23. ICA 1 +2. Marking Criteria. 2. Delivery
Confident, engaging delivery with effective use of eye contact, posture, gestures, and vocal expressiveness.
3. Command of Language
Fluent and excellent use of English.