1. The 13 Colonies

2. 13 Colonies English soldier’s helmet, Jamestown Shoes, Plymouth Colony

3. 13 Colonies A new culture took place in America. The values and beliefs of this new culture developed as people from several parts of the world migrated there. #1 Why it Matters

4. 13 Colonies The colonies influenced values and beliefs many Americans still cherish today. For example:  Many people still come to the Americas in search of economic opportunity and religious freedom.  Representative government remains an important part of the American political system. #2 The Impact Today

5. 13 Colonies Defeat of Spanish Armada  Ended Spanish control of the seas  Allowed England to begin colonizing N.A. Roanoke was England’s 1 st attempt at a colony; becomes known as the “Lost Colony”

6. 13 Colonies Early settlements:  Roanoke Island  Jamestown  John Smith  Pocahontas Mayflower Pilgrims – wanted their own church - Protestants Mayflower compact – social contract signed aboard the ship

7. 13 Colonies People of Jamestown Captain John Smith Pocahontas John Rolfe

8. 13 Colonies The Virginia Company-1607  Financed the expedition to the new world  Landed in Jamestown  After the 1 st winter, the starving time, only 44 survived  John Smith became governor  Looking for gold and discovering none

9. 13 Colonies Pilgrims – separatists – to have a separate church Puritans – worship in their own way, by their rules, it’s our way or the highway! Squanto aided pilgrims in Plymouth Rock, MA  How to grow food  How to hunt  Friends with the Wampanoag's

10. 13 Colonies Mayflower Compact  Formal document that provided law and order to Plymouth  1 st document to establish representative gov’t in colonies Native Americans aided Pilgrims in learning to plant crops and in hunting and fishing Thanksgiving!!

11. Beginning of the Colonies Compare and Contrast Jamestown and Plymouth

12. Beginning of the Colonies Left England b/c of persecution Called their colony Massachusetts Bay Colony; main settlement was Boston Great Migration  movement of 15,000 Puritans during the 1630s from England to Mass. for religious and economic reasons 1 st paper money used in English colonies

13. 3.2 New England colonies – hard rocky soil Cold winters/mild summer Ship building Subsistence farming – grow enough to feed family  New Hampshire  Massachusetts  Rhode Island  Connecticut

14. New Hampshire founded as part of Mass. Became independent in 1679. John Wheelwright left Mass with followers and settle north

15. Massachusetts Plymouth Rock - 1620 Massachusetts Bay Colony – 1629  John Winthrop  William Bradford The Great Migration – 15,000 Protestants fled England in fear of persecution.

16. Connecticut 1636 – Thomas Hooker, founder Fundamentals Orders of Connecticut  1 st organization set of rules on how a gov’t should be run  The 1 st written Constitution of the COLONIES

17. Rhode Island Roger Williams – 1635 – banished from Mass. Policy of religious tolerance King Philip’s war with the settlers  Failure for the Native Americans and gave the settlers the freedom to push out the NA.

18. 3.3 – Middle Colonies Mild winters/mild summers Cash crops – crops that quickly could be turned into $$$$$. (wheat and corn) Large ports cities and water ways  New York  Pennsylvania  New Jersey  Delaware

19. Delaware Settled in 1638 by mostly Swedes Allowed to form their own legislature but supervised Pennsylvania's governor.

20. New Jersey Land south of New York given to Lord John Berkeley, named for the Isle of Jersey in England. In 1702, it became a royal colony.

21. Pennsylvania Meaning – Penn’s Woods 1680 King Charles was paying back a debt owed to his father, William PENN was a Quaker. Quakers believe in no war and religious acceptance, an inner light! Pacifists and equality, acceptance of all, Germans, Welsh, Dutch, and English. 1701 the legislative assembly was elected by the people

22. Pennsylvania Philadelphia created by William Penn  The capitol  The city of brotherly love

23. New York Owned by the Dutch – called New Amsterdam England wanted this land between their colonies but the Dutch would not sell! The land was controlled by the Dutch West India Co. and 50 settlers lived like kings on this land called PATROONS.

24. New York How was England going to get this land???? In 1660 King Charles sent his brother, the Duke of York to get it!

25. New York Peter Stuyvesant – governor of the colony – not well- liked Duke of York sailed into New York Harbor and Peter surrendered!

26. 3.4 Southern Colonies Plantations Long summers/short mild winters Fertile soil  Maryland  Virginia  South Carolina  North Carolina  Georgia

27. Maryland Very fertile land where cherries, corn, tobacco, vegetables grow and sheep, cows chickens graze. 1634 – Lord Baltimore founded a safe haven for Catholics (the capitol of Maryland)

28. Virginia The 1 st established colony in 1607. Crop to save Jamestown, VA. – TOBACCO Named after the ‘virgin’ Queen – Elizabeth I Jamestown named after King James I

29. Virginia Settlers began moved further west into Virginia wilderness pushing out the Native Americans. Governor Sir William Berkeley said STOP!!! Nathaniel Bacon and other settlers moved anyway, then chased Berkeley out of Virginia.

30. South Carolina/North Carolina 1663 King Charles created a colony south of Virginia 8 proprietors were given the land as payments of debts owed to them by the king They carved out their large estates.

31. North Carolina/South Carolina The northern part of Carolina planted tobacco but had no good harbor. The southern part of Carolina prospered with rice, indigo (blue gold) and good harbors. 1729 Carolina divided into North and South Carolina. Indigo Rice

32. Georgia The last colony to be settled – 1733 – named after King George. A place for debtors and poor, a fresh start. A barricade from Spanish Florida, to protect the rest of the colonies. James Oglethorpe – governor banned  Limited sizes of farms  Slavery  Rum  Catholics “No!” said settlers James said “Okay!”

33. Beginning of the Colonies Social  Religious freedom  Protection of culture  New start  Adventure Political  Land  Find new passage to India  Competing w/ other countries Economic  High unemployment in England  Source of new markets/raw materials  Gold