1. Academic Vocabulary Ch.11.1 I say- You say Samuel Slater Industrial Revolution Built the first water powered textile (cloth) mill Machines replace people with hand tools. – Large scale manufacturing replaces farming as main form of work

2. Academic Vocabulary Ch.11.1 I say- You say Factory system Lowell Mills Factories built near water source (power) and bring people and machines together to make products Factory/textile mills that employed girls living in boarding houses

3. Academic Vocabulary Ch.11.1 I say- You say Interchangeable parts Robert Fulton Samuel B. Morse Parts that are made exactly the same. Started to replace broken parts in guns Invented steamboat that could travel upriver Invented Telegraph – Sent long and short pulses of electricity along wire to send messages

4. Academic Vocabulary Ch.11.2 I say- You say Eli Whitney Cotton Gin Made a machine for cleaning cotton – Cotton Gin Machine for efficient cleaning of cotton – Cotton (Engine) “Gin”

5. Academic Vocabulary Ch.11.2 I say- You say Spirituals Nat Turner Religious folks songs Started a slave rebellion that led to may deaths

6. Intro to Ch. 11 National and Regional Growth 1800-1844 CHANGES TO AMERICAN SOCIETY – Industrial Growth – Expansion of Slavery – Development of Nationalism and Sectionalism

7. Ch.11.1 Early Industry and Inventions New Machines and factories change the way people live and work in the late 1700s and early 1800s Free Enterprise and Factories During the Industrial Revolution factory machines replace hand tools. Manufacturing replaces farming as main form of work Factory system brings workers, machines together under one roof War of 1812 leads U.S. towards industrialization – British blockade causes U.S. to manufacture goods previously imported.

8. Ch.11.1 Early Industry and Inventions New Machines and factories change the way people live and work in the late 1700s and early 1800s Factories come to New England Northern Economy = Manufacturing due to shorter growing season, and limited time to grow crops. New England is good place to set up successful factories because: – New England’s factories are near the ocean to transport finished goods – Poor soil conditions lead people leave farms, move to cities where factories are located Work for wages, have set schedules, way of life changes – Water power from ocean, streams and rivers provide a source of power to mills. Samuel Slater builds first spinning mill, hires entire families. Influences others to start mills and hire families Family system of employment spreads throughout New England Where were the first U.S. factories? Why were they close to a water source?

9. Ch.11.1 Early Industry and Inventions New Machines and factories change the way people live and work in the late 1700s and early 1800s The Lowell Mills Hire Women Francis Cabot Lowell builds factory in Waltham, Massachusetts (1813) Uses power looms, factory is successful, builds factory town – Lowell Lowell mills – textile mills in Lowell, employ farm girls, high wages – Girls follow strict rules, read books, publish literary magazine Later factories run by powerful steam engines instead of water power – Allows factories to be built away from rivers and beyond New England Who worked in the Lowell mills? How were they treated?

10. Ch.11.1 Early Industry and Inventions New Machines and factories change the way people live and work in the late 1700s and early 1800s A New Way to Manufacture U.S. Government hires Eli Whitney to make 10,000 muskets for army Guns are made one at a time by gunsmiths, Whitney changes this method Uses interchangeable parts, parts exactly alike, to make guns (1801) – Speeds up production, – makes repairs easy, – uses less-skilled workers Requires close supervision, gives workers less independence. How did using interchangeable parts change factory work?

11. Ch.11.1 Early Industry and Inventions New Machines and factories change the way people live and work in the late 1700s and early 1800s Moving People, Goods, and Messages Robert Fulton invents steamboat, plus Clermont on Hudson River (1807) Clermont makes trip from New York to Albany and back in record time Henry Miller Shreve designs a more powerful steam engine – Enables steamboats to travel upriver, against current.

12. Ch.11.1 Early Industry and Inventions New Machines and factories change the way people live and work in the late 1700s and early 1800s Moving People, Goods, and Messages Samuel F.B. Morse first demonstrates the telegraph in 1837 – Morse Code Enables people to communicate in seconds between cities By 1861, telegraph lines span U.S., brings people closer as a nation. How did the telegraph change communication in the United States? Would you rather text or telegraph? Why?

13. Ch.11.1 Early Industry and Inventions New Machines and factories change the way people live and work in the late 1700s and early 1800s Technology Improves Farming John Deere invents steel plow (1836) Makes plowing Midwestern soil easier More farmers move to Midwest Mechanical reaper, threshing machine improves agriculture Farmers feed factory workers become market for factory goods. Growth of Northeastern textile mills increase Southern cotton demand. How did the steel plow improve agriculture? Would you rather use a plow or cultivate soil with your hands and hand tools?

14. Ch.11.2 Plantations and Slavery Spread The invention of the cotton gin and the demand for cotton cause slavery to spread in the South The Cotton Boom – Interactive Cotton Gin Southern Economy = Farming/ Agriculture/ Agrarian lifestyle – Virginia, Georgia, etc. – Life in the South dominated by large landowners. Eli Whitney invents cotton gin – machine that cleans cotton (1793) – Increases cotton production because it can be cleaned quicker and cheaper. – Increases need for slavery by large landowners. Makes cotton cleaning more efficient, changes Southern life. 1.Cotton plantations spread west, triggers a move westward 2.Planters grow more cotton than other goods, cotton exports increase 3.Native Americans driven off land taken over for cotton plantations 4.Slaves from the east are sold to work on new cotton plantations How did the cotton gin change the cotton- cleaning process? - How did the cotton gin increase the need for slavery? -

15. Ch.11.2 Plantations and Slavery Spread The invention of the cotton gin and the demand for cotton cause slavery to spread in the South Slavery Expands From 1790 to 1860, cotton production increases greatly As cotton earnings rise so does price of slaves Expansion of slavery has major impact on South’s economy, people How did slavery divide white Southerners? -

16. Ch.11.2 Plantations and Slavery Spread The invention of the cotton gin and the demand for cotton cause slavery to spread in the South African-Americans in the South Slavery divides black Southerners into: – Those who are enslaved – Those who are free Enslaved African Americans are 1/3 rd of South’s population (1840) Most work on plantations, some work as domestic servants, craftsmen 8% of African- Americans in South are free (1840) Some states make blacks leave after they gain their freedom. – Many employers would not hire them – and they worried about being captured and returned to slavery. Most states do not permit blacks to vote, or receive education – Slaveholders passed laws limiting rights of even free blacks – Do not want slaves to learn to read to keep them from becoming educated and voting. What problems did free blacks face? -

17. Ch.11.2 Plantations and Slavery Spread The invention of the cotton gin and the demand for cotton cause slavery to spread in the South Finding Strength in Religion Enslave African-Americans rely on their culture to endure hardships Culture filled with religious convictions, close personal bonds, music Slaves express religious beliefs in folk songs – spirituals Spirituals often contain coded messages about planned escape Have you ever heard a coded message in a song? Or symbolism? Explain? -

18. Ch.11.2 Plantations and Slavery Spread The invention of the cotton gin and the demand for cotton cause slavery to spread in the South Families Under Slavery Harsh part of slavery - Some slaveholders separate families of enslaved people – Often slaves run away to escape separation, see family again – Marriages of enslaved people are not legally recognized “Jumping the Broom” If family of enslaved people stay together, children live with mother Family and religion were most important to slaves. What was one of the cruelest parts of slavery? -

19. Ch.11.2 Plantations and Slavery Spread The invention of the cotton gin and the demand for cotton cause slavery to spread in the South Slave Rebellions Two planned slave revolts are betrayed, leaders hanged Nat Turner leads famous slave rebellion of 70 slaves, Virginia (1831) – Turner & followers kill 55 white people – Turner’s men captured, 16 are killed, Turner caught, tried and hanged Rebellion spreads fear in South State legislatures pass harsh laws to control enslaved and free blacks restricting their freedom. How did some whites react to Nat Turner’s rebellion? -

20. Ch.11.2 Plantations and Slavery Spread The invention of the cotton gin and the demand for cotton cause slavery to spread in the South Slavery divides the South Slavery divides white Southerners into: – Those who have slaves – Those who do not have slaves – 1/10 th of white families have plantations with 20 or more slaves – Most white Southern farmers have few, no slaves, but support slavery – Slavery has become necessary to increase profits

21. Academic Vocabulary Ch.11.3 I say- You say Nationalism Henry clay American System Feeling of pride or loyalty to your country Henry Clay was a Representative from Kentucky who created the American System ad the Missouri compromise 1- Establish a protective tariff – tax on imported goods 2- Establish a national bank 3 – Improve the country’s transportation systems – Steam Trains – Erie Canal – National Road – Over Rocky Mountains

22. Academic Vocabulary Ch.11.3 I say- You say Erie Canal James Monroe Sectionalism Water route between New York City and Buffalo New York which opened up the Ohio Valley and Great Lakes to trade Democratic- Republican who became President in 1816. Feeling of pride or loyalty to your region/ section of the country

23. Academic Vocabulary Ch.11.3 I say- You say Missouri compromise Henry Clay’s plan to admit Maine as a free state and Missouri as a slave state Balanced the power in congress between free and slave states Outlawed Slavery in Louisiana Territory north of Missouri.

24. Academic Vocabulary Ch.11.3 I say- You say Monroe Doctrine A policy of opposition of European interference with Western/American affairs instituted in 1823 by President Monroe.

25. Ch.11.3 Nationalism and Sectionalism Patriotic pride unites the states, but tension between the North and South emerges Nationalism Unites the Country President Madison presents plan, make U.S. economically self- sufficient Henry Clay promotes plan as the American System which makes America Economically $$ self sufficient: – Establish a protective tariff - protects American business from foreign markets/ competition – Establish a national bank – promotes a common currency for all states. – Improves U.S. transportations systems – makes travel and trade easier. What were three parts of the American System? – 1. – 2. – 3. – Hint – Look above

26. Ch.11.3 Nationalism and Sectionalism Patriotic pride unites the states, but tension between the North and South emerges Roads and Canals Link Cities U.S. builds National Road from Maryland to Illinois National road links distant places. Open larger markets to sell products to. Makes it cheaper and easier for people and products to be moved across long distances. Canals improve water transportation, Erie Canal is completed (1825) Creates water route between New York City and Buffalo, New York Opens Ohio Valley, Great Lakes region to settlers, stimulates trade Increases nationalism by uniting 2 sections of the country. U.S. uses steam-powered trains (1830s), improves transportation What was the impact of the Erie Canal? -

27. Ch.11.3 Nationalism and Sectionalism Patriotic pride unites the states, but tension between the North and South emerges The Era of Good Feelings Democratic-Republican James Monroe wins U.S. presidency (1816) Political differences give way to Era of Good Feelings Supreme Court decisions strengthen federal government, national unity – McCulloch V. Maryland, state cannot tax a national/ federal bank – Gibbons v. Ogden, only federal government controls interstate commerce. – Article 6 – Supremacy Clause – Constitution, Federal Laws, Treaties, States, People – Supreme Court Cases strengthen contractual obligation – Fletcher V. Peck, a contract cannot be nullified/ broken once it has been signed. – Dartmouth College V. Woodward, the private college’s contractual ownership cannot be nullified/ taken away by the state of New Hampshire. What was the effect of several Supreme Court decisions? -

28. Ch.11.3 Nationalism and Sectionalism Patriotic pride unites the states, but tension between the North and South emerges Settling National Boundaries Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817): Limits British, U.S. forces on Great Lakes Convention of 1818 sets 49 th parallel as U.S. – Canadian border Seminoles from East Florida raid Georgia to reclaim lands General Andrew Jackson, troops enter Florida, captures Seminoles Jackson claims Floridas for U.S. U.S., Monroe tells Jackson to withdraw Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819: Spain hands Florida to U.S. What caused tensions with Spain?

29. Please take 2 minutes to read p. 356- 357 settling national boundaries Look at the map on p. 357 – who controlled Florida and why do you think this was a problem to the United States? How did the Adams Onis Treaty settle this issue? Draw your answer.

30. Ch.11.3 Nationalism and Sectionalism Patriotic pride unites the states, but tension between the North and South emerges Sectional Tensions Increase Sectionalism – loyalty to section of a country rather than to nation – South relies on cotton & slaves – Northeast relies on manufacturing and trade – In the West, settlers want cheap land & good transportation Interests in these sections often conflict Missouri applies for statehood (1817), people in state want slavery U.S. has 11 slave states, 11 free states Adding Missouri as slave state would upset balance of power in Congress Why did Missouri’s application for statehood become a major issue? - What is the difference between nationalism and sectionalism? -

31. Ch.11.3 Nationalism and Sectionalism Patriotic pride unites the states, but tension between the North and South emerges The Missouri Compromise Nation argues over admitting Missouri as slave state or free state Henry Clay suggests the Missouri compromise (1820) – Admits Missouri as slave state – Admits Maine as free state – Sets the line of free v. slave states - Bans slavery in Louisiana Territory north of parallel 36 30’ – Keeps balance of power between slave states, free states – What was the Missouri Compromise? – -

32. Ch.11.3 Nationalism and Sectionalism Patriotic pride unites the states, but tension between the North and South emerges Monroe Doctrine Some Latin American Countries gain independence from Spain and Portugal Some European monarchs plan to help Spain and Portugal regain colonies U,S, fears their own government would be in danger Russian colonies in Pacific Northwest almost reach San Francisco President Monroe issues Monroe Doctrine (1823): – Closes Americas to further colonization – Warns against European efforts to reestablish colonies – Promises U.S. stay out of European affairs

33. Analyze the Monroe Doctrine p. 360 Read p. 360 – Class discussion. Complete Cause and Effect Chart – 2 Causes – Explain the Monroe Doctrine – 2 Effects Why do you think Monroe came up with the Monroe Doctrine? Flip to p. 363 – Standards Based Assessment Answer questions 1-3 – 1. Which Latin American countries became independent the same year as Mexico? – 2. Which Latin American country was the first to gain independence? – “ Every nation should anxiously endeavor to establish its absolute independence, and consequently be able to feed and clothe and defend itself. If it rely upon a foreign supply that may be cut off... It cannot be independent.” – Henry Clay – 3. What idea was Henry Clay supporting in his speech? – -

34. Monroe Doctrine Cause and Effect Chart Monroe Doctrine Cause 1 :Explain the Monroe Doctrine below Effect 1 : Cause 2 :Effect 2 :

35. Running a Mill Town – P.346-347 Run a Mill Town Health challenge Math Challenge Data File Volunteers read Equity cards used to answer questions