1. CHAPTER 12 NOTES The Industrial Revolution

2. A shift from an economy based on Farming and Handicrafts to an economy based on Manufacturing by machines in factories.

3. Industrial Revolution Started in England during the 1700s and spread from there. Farming does not go away and is as important as ever!!

4. Factors of Industrial Revolution Expansion of Agriculture  Farmers were more efficient than before. They grew more food! Population Grows  More food = more people Money  Capital is available for investment. Entrepreneurs spending money. Natural Resources  England has an abundance of coal and iron ore. Markets  England’s empire gave them an outlet to sell products.

5. Textile Industry Where the Industrial Revolution started!! Cottage industry changes into a factory system. Cottage industries – spinning, weaving, cutting, sewing all done in different places.

6. Main Principles of the Industrial Revolution Consolidation  Brings the entire process under one roof. Mechanization  Machine power replaces human power.

7. Factories Bring all these processes together under the same roof and mechanize them. Labor is consolidated and made more efficient.

8. Water Power and Steam First factories powered by water (water wheel) and later steam engines.

9. Inventors and New Inventions Creative minds develop new labor saving devices and processes. Machine power replaces human power. Advantage/Disadvantage? Are machines really better than man power? What thought process is involved in inventing?  Need, demand, costs, etc

11. Impact of the Railroads Trains provide easier transportation of raw materials and finished goods going to market.

12. Social Impact People flock to the cities for new factory jobs. New industrial working class. Rise of Urbanization  Cities grow due to availability of factory jobs

13. Problems of the Industrial Revolution Growth of cities caused urban problems.  Crime, poverty, pollution, fire, disease Corruption and Greed  Child labor, low wages/long hours, poor working conditions.

14. Rise of Socialism Poor living conditions and working conditions in crowded cities will give rise to a new revolution. Socialism  A system where the government owns or controls the means of production, such as factories and utilities.