1. The Aliens Have Landed! http://ca.youtube.com/watch?v=NZZvtQtdbzM

2. Imagine this… Aliens have landed on earth and claimed Canada (and ever other country for that matter) as a part of their inter- galactic empire. –The aliens have announced that we are expected to learn and adopt the alien’s “superior” cultural practices & beliefs –The beliefs and cultural practices of Canadians are to be eliminated Your Task: 1.Briefly describe the events that changed the world. 2.How would you react to this turn of events? 3.What would you do to resist the aliens? 4.How could you maintain your culture and beliefs? 5.How would you way of life change?

3. Imperialism A real life invasion

4. . Globalization 1.0: which began around 1492, the world went from size large to size medium. Globalization 2.0: the era that introduced us to multinational companies, it went from size medium to size small. Globalization 3.0: Around 2000 came in which the world went from being small to tiny. There's a difference between being able to make long distance phone calls cheaper on the Internet and walking around Riyadh with a PDA where you can have all of Google in your pocket. It's a difference in degree that's so enormous it becomes a difference in kind.

5. Defining Imperialism Definition: A policy of strong countries owning colonies or dominating less powerful areas of the world

6. Traditional Imperialism ntiquity – 14th century Traditional Imperialism: Antiquity – 14th century Early Empires Alexander the Great took over the land of the Greeks and went to dominate the Persian Empire, Africa, and into Asia. Rome expanded their Empire into Europe, Africa, and Asia Minor. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m2S XWV8HPG8http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m2S XWV8HPG8

9. The states were transformed by the cultures of the people they concurred. Eg. Greek and Roman deities in comparison Greek Roman Zeus Jupiter (Jove) (supreme god) Poseidon Neptune (god of the sea) Hera Juno (wife of Jupiter) Ares Mars (god of war) Athena Minerva (goddess of war, wisdom, and crafts) Apollo Apollo (god of light, sun, etc.) Haphaestus Vulcan (god of fire) Aphrodite Venus (goddess of love)

11. Why is the Silk Road so important to the concept of globalization? Sheshabalaya’s Rounds of Globalization: Round begins with the emergence of Trade Routes

12. Old Imperialism: Three Key Motivations Gold Spain got gold in Central America France got furs from Canada Britain got tobacco and lumber from North America

13. Old Imperialism: Three Key Motivations Glory Explorers sought fame an glory for discovering “new” places and new routes for travel

14. Old Imperialism: Three Key Motivations God Christian missionaries sought converts Most missionaries were well intentioned, but the results were not always positive Some kings used religion as an excuse to dominate Indigenous cultures

15. The Age of Exploration: 14th C – 18th C Age of Exploration: –early 15th century and continuing into the early 17th century, –Based on trade – gold, silver, and spices –Western Europeans developed sailing technologies to increase trade –Cabot, Cartier, Champlain

16. Ideology: Pseudo Science “One of the most influential ideologies of imperialism came in response to the evolutionary theories of Charles Darwin as adapted by Herbert Spencer, known as social Darwinism. Spencer and others used pseudoscientific ideas of racial inferiority on the basis of skin pigmentation and other physical characteristics (such as head size and shape) to justify imperialism. Accordingly, people were classified as separate “races” along an evolutionary scale, and the subjugation of peoples of color was considered the inevitable consequence of the superiority of white men.” – Candice Goucher, Charles LeGuin, and Linda Walton, In the Balance: Themes in Global History (Boston: McGraw-Hill, 1998) http://www.learner.org/channel/courses/worldhistory/support/reading_21_1.pdf

17. Imperialist Attitude White Man’s Burden Take up the White Man’s burden Send forth the best ye breed Go bind your sons to exile To serve your captives’ need; To wait in heavy harness, On fluttered folk and wild Your new-caught, sullen peoples, Half-devil and half-child By: Rudyard Kipling

18. The first step towards lightening The White Man’s Burden is through teaching the virtues of cleanliness. Pears’ Soap is a potent factor in brightening the dark corners of the earth as civilization advances, while amongst the cultured of all nations it holds the highest place – it is the ideal toilet soap.

20. Definitions Colony – Territory that an outside power controls directly. Sphere of Influence – a region or country in which an outside power has influence and control. Protectorate – country with its own gov’t that makes policies under guidance of an outside power. It receives protection and security in return.

21. Forms of Colonialism 1.Concession 2.Sphere of Influence 3.Leasehold 4.Protectorate 5.Annexed Territory 1. Economic rights and privileges granted for a specific purpose to build a RR., to develop a mine, carry on tradeto build a RR., to develop a mine, carry on trade 2. a region or country in which an outside power has influence and control (usually economic). 3. A lease secured on a given territory for a period of years 4. Native ruler is permitted to remain under the guidance of the mother country in exchange for protection and security. 5. Territory taken over which becomes a colony and is governed and controlled by the major power.

22. Forms Continued 6.Mandate 7.Extra Territoriality 8.Open Door Policy 9.Indirect Rule 10.Direct Rule 6. Colonies of the defeated nation in World War I were given to the victors as mandate under the protection of the League of Nations. 7. Foreign residents subject only to laws of their own country. 8. The right of all nations to trade on equal terms in one another’s spheres of influence. 9. When a governor and council of advisors made laws for the colony, but local rulers loyal to the governor retained some of their traditional authority. 10. When an Imperial power controls gov’t at all levels in its colony

23. What impression does this cartoon give you about Imperialism

24. New Imperialism – Nation Building 1876 – 1914 Mercantilism: A system of government sponsored international business ventures designed to make European Monarchs rich. Early Arabic governments controlled trading on the Silk Road in order to increase their wealth. European Monarchs seen this, began modeling this approach creating a economic system called Mercantilism. Wealth determined by amount of Gold and silver accumulated. * Economic Protectionism*

25. Mercantilism Absolutism – “Divine Right” Kings and Queens had full authority. 1500s Spain, Portugal, France, England searched globe for attractive business ventures. Colonies established in Africa and Asia Began building colonies, colonized areas under control of powerful trading companies Hudson’s Bay Company India Trading Company Race for land between the Nations Wealth from the Industrial Revolution fueled this race. Colonies provide resources to increase the wealth of the Monarchy of that nation

26. Mercantilism American Revolution: 1776 British Colonies in America rebelled against British rule and fought for independence. The revolution was successful and the United States became an independent, self-governing country. What different perspectives might the First People’s have had about the American Revolution?

27. Building Understanding Copy down the following headings. –Ethnocentrism –Eurocentrism –Building Empires –Scramble for Africa –King Leopold and the Congo –Cultural Contact Read: pg 138-141, 144 and 145 Under each heading capture what the section is saying with a couple of notes.

28. “New” Imperialism Factories needed more RAW MATERIALS to produce the manufactured produced Three Key resources during the EARLY phase of Imperialism

29. “New” Imperialism Later, imperialist countries sought:

30. MOTIVES for IMPERIALISM From the description of Imperialism: –What are the reasons behind this movement? –To what extent did home countries benefit from imperialism? –To what extent did the colonized people benefit? –Discuss these questions with a partner.

31. MOTIVES for IMPERIALISM ECONOMIC Markets for finished goods –ex. India, China, American colonies for British goods Sources for raw materials –ex. Britain got cotton from Egypt and the American colonies, rubber and tin from Malaya, and oil from the middle east. Investment of capital –ex. Great profits from railroads and mines in China, Africa, and Latin America

32. MOTIVES for IMPERIALISM POLITICAL Nationalism –ex. To build up national pride (French conquest of Indo-China and West Africa after her defeat in the Franco-Prussian war)

33. MOTIVES for IMPERIALISM MILITARY Military and naval bases –ex. British naval bases at Hong Kong, Singapore, Aden and Malta. Sources of man-power for army –ex. North African troops from an important part of the French Army, or British trained Sepoys in India

34. MOTIVES for IMPERIALISM SOCIAL Outlet to surplus populations to relieve pressures at home –ex. Italian and Japanese efforts to build up their economic and political territories populated by their own people Humanitarian – the ‘White Man’s burden’ –ex. The White Man’s belief that it was their obligation to bring their blessings to the backward (uncivilized) peoples of the world

35. MOTIVES for IMPERIALISM RELIGIOUS Conversion of the natives to Christianity ex. Particularly in Africa and the far east, the Spanish and Portuguese did the same in the America’s

36. 1.Prosperity through greater industrial activity based on increased raw materials, markets and investments. 2.Increased trade for the mother country. 3.New products and drugs introduced from the colonies. 1.Colonial and imperialistic wars among the great powers. 2.Support for large military and naval forces. 3.Heavier burden of taxation. 4.Hatred aroused among people of colonies and underdeveloped areas toward imperialistic countries. UPON the MOTHER COUNTRY Positives Negatives

37. 1.Development of natural resources. 2.Industrialization and higher standards of living. 3.Medical, educational, and sanitary improvements. 4.Training of indigenous people in self-gov’t. 5.Development of nationalism. 6.Abolition of backward customs such as guttee (widow cremates herself on the funeral pile of her husband in India). 1.Development of resources for the primary benefit of the M.C. 2.Exploitation of cheap labour. 3.Destruction of native culture, religion, language and tradition. 4.Introduction of Western disease and vices. 5.Discouragement of native industries that compete with those of the mother country. 6.Increase racial and tribal tensions. 7.Lack of democracy. 8.Cash crops’ (tea, coffee, tobacco) for the mother country’s benefit replace subsistence crops for the indigenous people. UPON the COLONY Positives Negatives