1. CLAUSES Noun Adjective Adverb CLAUSES Noun Adjective Adverb

2. The Clause A group of words that contains a verb and its subject and is used as part of a sentence. A clause has a subject and verb. Not every sentence expresses a complete thought.

3. TYPES OF CLAUSES Independent: Expresses a complete thought and can stand alone in a sentence. Also called a main clause Mrs. Arters nodded her head. Subordinate: Does not express a complete thought and can’t stand alone in a sentence. Also called a dependent clause When Jackie answered the question

4. TYPES OF CLAUSES The thought expressed by a Dependent clause becomes complete when it is combined with an independent clause. independent Clause Subordinate clause Mrs. Arters nodded her head When Jackie answered the question Mrs. Arters nodded her head when Jackie answered the question.

5. Types of Subordinate Clauses Adjective Clause Noun Clause Adverb Clause

6. ADJECTIVE CLAUSES Helpful Hints: Subordinate clause that modifies a noun or pronoun Always follows the word it modifies ( N / Pro ) Can remove the Adjective Clause

7. Adjective Clauses Begins with a relative pronoun or a relative adverb that which who whom whose when where

8. Adjective Clauses He invented a vaccine that cured many people. The team, which finished undefeated, won in the playoffs We went to the restaurant where I ate five hamburgers. He told me about the time when you went to Europe.

9. Adjective Clauses Hunter wrote a book that was a best seller. The man who works at the store is my uncle. That is the lake where we spent the week. The movie, which won an Oscar, is very sad.

10. Noun Clauses Helpful Hints: Subordinate clause used as a noun Never follows a noun or pronoun Can not remove the noun clause Can be used as: SUB DO IO PN OP

11. Noun Clauses

14. Adjective or Noun Clause?

16. Adverb Clause Helpful Hints: Subordinate clause that modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb Tells: how, when, where, why, twe, uwc Can remove the adverb clause Usually introduced by a subordinating conjunction (see chart in notes)

17. Adverb Clause after as long as because* provided that throughwhenever although* as soon as beforesinceunless*where as as though if* so that untilwherever as if as well as in order that thanwhenwhile*

18. Adverb Clause Helpful Hints: If Adverb clause is at the beginning of a sentence, it is off-set with a comma While driving to the museum, Shakira ate her lunch. The adverb clause is not off-set with a comma if it is at the end of the sentence. Shakira ate her lunch while driving to the museum.

19. Adverb Clauses After Deb played cards, she went to bed. While most students study, some do not. When we visit Chloe, we eat a lot. Go ask Mrs. Haffley since she knows best. Before she goes to bed, Maddie reads. We saw the driver as the car drove by.

20. Adverb Clauses Because Joe did not study, he did poorly on the test. Joe did poorly on the test because he did not study After the game Melissa went to sleep. After she went to the game, Melissa went to sleep. While writing a love poem, Matt fell asleep.

21. Adverb Clauses The Elliptical Clause Part of the clause is left out Most elliptical clauses are adv clauses Most begin with than or as Des knew Olivia better than Bryce (did). While (he was) jogging, Lake hurt his knee.

22. Clause ReView Name two types of clauses. On which one will we be focusing? Name the three types of subordinate clauses. Detail information concerning each type of clause. What is an elliptical clause?

23. Sentence Fragments and Run-On s Andrew loves ice hockey he never wants to study.

24. Compounding Sentences (extras)