RNA, Transcription, and the Genetic Code. RNA = ribonucleic acid -Nucleic acid similar to DNA but with several differences DNARNA Number of strands21.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

RNA and Protein Synthesis

Advertisements

CH 11.4 & 11.5 “DNA to Polypeptide”.

Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Unit 4 Part I Transcription.

DNA Structure Replication Functions (Stores and provides copies of genetic material- genes) – Blueprint (genes) for Protein Synthesis (Enzymes and cell.

8.4 DNA Transcription 8.5 Translation

RNA Ribonucleic acid single stranded also made of nucleotides.

Making of Proteins: Transcription and Translation

Protein Synthesis. DNA acts like an "instruction manual“ – it provides all the information needed to function the actual work of translating the information.

Protein Synthesis Transcription and Translation DNA Transcription RNA Translation Protein.

Protein Synthesis. The DNA Code It is a universal code. The order of bases along the DNA strand codes for the order in which amino acids are chemically.

VII RNA and Protein Synthesis

CENTRAL DOGMA OF BIOLOGY. Transcription & Translation How do we make sense of the DNA message? Genotype to Phenotype.

Chapter 13.1 and 13.2 RNA, Ribosomes, and Protein Synthesis

By: Anne Russell, Madelyn Stroder, Hannah Black, And Bailey Mills.

Transcription and Translation. What is Transcription? It is a process that produces a complementary strand of RNA by copying a complementary strand of.

RNA and Transcription DNA RNA PROTEIN. RNA and Transcription.

Transcription & Translation Chapter 17 (in brief) Biology – Campbell Reece.

DNA Review  Contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all organisms  Found in the nucleus of cells!  Made.

RNA and Protein Synthesis. Write these terms in your journal Ribosome — makes proteins Ribosome — makes proteins RNA polymerase — enzyme that puts together.

RNA and Protein Synthesis

Protein Synthesis Process that makes proteins

Transcription & Translation Transcription DNA is used to make a single strand of RNA that is complementary to the DNA base pairs. The enzyme used is.

12-3 RNA and Protein Synthesis

Peptide Bond Formation Walk the Dogma RECALL: The 4 types of organic molecules… CARBOHYDRATES LIPIDS PROTEINS (amino acid chains) NUCLEIC ACIDS (DNA.

Structure of RNA  Structure  Nucleic acid made up of nucleotides  composed of Ribose, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base  Nitrogenous bases  Adenine.

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS The formation of new proteins using the code carried on DNA.

12-3 RNA AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS. 1. THE STRUCTURE OF RNA.

RNA AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

Transcription and Translation How genes are expressed (a.k.a. How proteins are made) Biology.

Structure of DNA DNA is made up of a long chain of nucleotides

Ch Gene  Protein A gene is a sequence of nucleotides that code for a polypeptide (protein) Hundreds-thousands of genes are on a typical chromosome.

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS TRANSCRIPTION AND TRANSLATION. TRANSLATING THE GENETIC CODE ■GENES: CODED DNA INSTRUCTIONS THAT CONTROL THE PRODUCTION OF PROTEINS WITHIN.

RNA A nucleic acid which acts as a messenger between DNA and the ribosomes to carry out the process of making proteins from amino acids. Structure is similar.

RNA & Transcription. Contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all organisms Found in the nucleus of cells! Made up.

Placed on the same page as your notes Warm-up pg. 48 Complete the complementary strand of DNA A T G A C G A C T Diagram 1 A T G A C G A C T T A A C T G.

RNA and Protein Synthesis. RNA Structure n Like DNA- Nucleic acid- composed of a long chain of nucleotides (5-carbon sugar + phosphate group + 4 different.

Copy this DNA strand. DNA: ATGCCGCACTCTGGGTCGACT …AND WRITE THE COMPLEMENT.

CH 12.3 RNA & Protein Synthesis. Genes are coded DNA instructions that control the production of proteins within the cell…

From DNA to Protein. DNA Review Nucleic acid Double helix Two strands of nucleotides Phosphate-sugar backbone Nitrogenous base steps Adenine Guanine Cytosine.

12-3 RNA and Protein Synthesis Page 300. A. Introduction 1. Chromosomes are a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of.

Ch. 11: DNA Replication, Transcription, & Translation Mrs. Geist Biology, Fall Swansboro High School.

RNA and Protein Synthesis

CH 12.3 RNA & Protein Synthesis.

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS CHAPTER 10 section 4

RNA & Protein synthesis

How to Make a Protein?.

Transcription Part of the message encoded within the sequence of bases in DNA must be transcribed into a sequence of bases in RNA before translation can.

Protein Synthesis Genetics.

Protein Synthesis.

Protein Synthesis in Detail

Transcription and Translation

RNA Ribonucleic Acid.

Transcription & Translation.

RNA and Protein Synthesis

Nucleic Acids: RNA Ribonucleic Acid: RNA

Central Dogma Central Dogma categorized by: DNA Replication Transcription Translation From that, we find the flow of.

RNA & Protein synthesis

Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Transcription/ Translation Notes 16-17

GENE EXPRESSION / PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

12-3 RNA and Protein Synthesis

Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

RNA, Protein Synthesis, Transcription, and Translation

Replication, Transcription, Translation

Protein Synthesis.

Protein Synthesis.

12-3: RNA and Protein Synthesis (part 1)

Unit 3: Genetics Part 1: Genetic Informaiton

Presentation transcript:

RNA, Transcription, and the Genetic Code

RNA = ribonucleic acid -Nucleic acid similar to DNA but with several differences DNARNA Number of strands21 Type of sugarDeoxyriboseRibose Nucleotides UsedA, G, C, and TA, G, C, and U (Uracil) *Uracil replaces Thymine in RNA and base pairs with Adenine!

Types of RNA: 1.Messenger RNA (mRNA) - carries DNA message out of nucleus to ribosomes 2. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) - found in ribosomes 3. Transfer RNA (tRNA) - contain anti-codons used in translation, brings amino acid to ribosome

Transcription = process of making an mRNA strand from DNA -Similar to replication but remember, RNA is single stranded not double stranded. -Enzyme involved is called RNA polymerase.

Steps: 1.Initiation -RNA polymerase binds to promoter region of DNA strand. -Promoter = region of DNA that signals the start of a gene 2. Elongation -RNA polymerase creates a 5’ to 3’ mRNA strand using DNA as a template.

Steps: 3. Termination -RNA polymerase reaches end of DNA sequence that codes for gene (Termination sequence) and releases mRNA into nucleus. Transcription Animation

Before mRNA strand is sent out of the nucleus. Non-coding parts need to be taken out through RNA splicing. Introns= Non-coding segments, taken out Exons= Coding segments, spliced together mRNA Splicing Video

* Proteins are made when mRNA molecule travels out of nucleus to cytoplasm to ribosomes. Proteins are mode by joining amino acids together into long chains called polypeptides. Order of amino acids determines the properties of the protein.

A, G, C, and U bases of RNA form a “language” called the Genetic Code. It is universal Codon = every three letters on an mRNA strand.

* Genetic code is degenerate since 64 different combinations of letter code for only 20 different amino acids. That means that most amino acids can be specified by more than one codon. Important codons are start and stop: Start = AUG Stop = UAA, UGA, UAG