Cardiovascular System Immediate effects Effects of Regular exercise Effects of Lifestyle

Immediate effects…. Increased Heart rate Increased Blood Pressure Increased Stroke volume and Cardiac output Other Effects in the body Breathing faster and deeper Increased temperature Sweating and loss of fluids Lactic acid is produced

Effects of regular exercise…. Decreased resting heart rate (because stroke volume increases) – so the heart doesn’t have to work as hard Faster recovery heart rate Size of heart increases (cardiac hypertrophy) Increased stroke volume Increase cardiac output Reduced blood pressure (through weight loss) Increase in the number of capillaries Blood vessels become healthier reducing the chances of Coronary Heart Disease

The effects of lifestyle on the cardiovascular system…. 1.High Cholesterol High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) – ‘good’ – because it carries cholesterol away from arteries to the liver. Found in fruit and veg Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) – ‘bad’ – can lead to build up of plaque which restricts to blood flow in the arteries, causing high blood pressure.

The effects of lifestyle on the cardiovascular system…. 2. Recreational Drugs -Cigarettes (nicotine) raises blood pressure and causes adrenaline to be released -Tobacco smoke lowers HDL and can cause blood to clot -Alcohol in moderation can increase HDL but too much can have adverse effects 3. Sedentary Lifestyle and Lack of Exercise -Increases chances of obesity and prevents any benefits to the cardiovascular system. 4. Stress -Increases blood pressure and elevates heart rate -Increases chance of cardiovascular disease