Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on 63 Topic: 7.3 Vertebral Column Essential Question: None. 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules 7.3 Vertebral Column GET OUT SKELETON LABELING HW FROM YESTERDAY

Vertebral Column 2 Extends from the skull to the pelvis 26 bones Composed of many bony parts called vertebrae Separated by discs made up of fibrocartilage Function: Supports the weight of the head and trunk of the body Protects the spinal cord Flexible /Permits movement Bending forward, backward, side, rotation

3 Vertebra: Drum-shaped body Row of these support the weight of the head and trunk Intervertebral Discs cushion and soften the forces caused by walking and jumping Otherwise might fracture vertebrae or jar the brain Vertebra (1) Vertebrae (+1) Vertebral Arch

4 Vertebra (1) Vertebrae (+1) Vertebral Arch Label your vertebrae Intervertebral Foramen Nucleus Pulposus Annulus Fibrosus

5 Spinal cord passes through the vertebral arch in the intervertebral foramen

Compare parts of the vertebral column to others. What do you notice about its shape? anterior posterior

7 There are four natural curves in the vertebral column:

Thoracic Curvature Sacral Curvature concave anterior posterior Primary curves: The thoracic curvature and the sacral curvature concave anteriorly Think “caving in” concave

Cervical Curvature Lumbar Curvature convex anterior posterior Secondary Curves: The Cervical curvature in the neck and the lumbar curvatures in the lower back convex anteriorly

Cervical Curvature Lumbar Curvature convex anterior posterior Forms when a baby begins to hold its head up Forms when a child begins to stand

11 Cervical Vertebrae Atlas –supports head 1 st cervical vertebra Axis –pivots to turn head 2 nd cervical vertebra Cervical Vertebrae: Make up bones in the neck Smallest of the vertebrae Have passageways for arteries leading to the brain

Label your cervical vertebrae atlas axis Cervical Vertebrae

13 Thoracic Vertebrae Thoracic Vertebrae: Slope downward Facets on the sides of its body that connect to ribs

Label your thoracic vertebrae Thoracic Vertebrae

15 Lumbar Vertebrae Lumbar Vertebrae: Support more weight than other vertebrae Larger Stronger

Label your lumbar vertebrae Lumbar Vertebrae

17 Sacrum Sacrum: triangular structure at the base of the vertebral column Fuses between yrs of age Nerves and blood vessels pass through openings Connected to pelvis

Label your sacrum sacrum

19 Coccyx Coccyx: AKA Tailbone lowest part of vertebral column Acts as a shock absorber

Label your coccyx coccyx

The Vertebral Column 3m32s 21

Cervical Vertebrae Thoracic Vertebrae Lumbar Vertebrae Sacral Vertebrae Coccygeal Vertebrae Atlas Intervertebral disc Spinous Process Intervertebral foramen Sacrum Coccyx Axis