Transmission through blood bodily fluids

What is a Virus a microscopic parasitic organism cannot live without host cell DNA or RNA Take over host cell to create more viruses

Bloodborne Pathogens OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration – Established standards for handling bloodborne pathogens Bloodborne Pathogen: organism that can cause disease that are present in body fluids. 2 most significant pathogens: – HBV – HIV HAV: spread through lack of personal hygiene, unprotected sex, contaminated shellfish Which one has a higher incidence of spreading and why.

Hepatitis B Virus what is it: – viral infection S/S: – Swelling, – Soreness – Loss of normal function in liver – Flu like – Headache – Fever – Jaundice Possible no S/S and may still be transmitted Prevention: – Good personal hygiene – Avoid high risk behavior – Avoid contact with blood HBV can live up to 1 week in blood outside the body Management: – Vaccination Given in 3 doses over a 6 month period

Human Immunodeficiency virus what is it: – retrovirus + a host cell – 1 in 250 people are infected w/ HIV S/S: – Fatigue – Weight loss – Muscle or joint pain, – painful or swollen glands – night sweats – fever AIDS: – Collection of signs and symptoms – No protection against other viruses – Die after about 2 years Management: – No vaccine, no cure Prevention – Abstinence – Don’t share needles

Spreading in Sports transmission between athletes is low some sports have higher incidence of transmission – wrestling – boxing – martial arts

Participation in Sport policy: formed to prevent transmission in sports, and to educate no definite answer for HIV positive athlete – Americans with Disabilities Act of 1991 Athletes who are infected cannot be discriminated against Exclusion must be based on health risks only